Combating Houthi Threats and Aggression Act

This bill targets the Houthis (also called Ansar Allah) for attacks on ships in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. It would freeze assets in the United States and block visas for foreign people who help carry out or support those attacks, or who supply the Houthis with weapons or training. The goal is to protect sea lanes, keep trade moving, and work with allies to improve maritime security in the region .

It also requires regular reports from the administration. These reports would cover the Houthis’ military abilities and outside support, details of attacks that threaten shipping, and how these threats affect U.S. security and the global economy. They must also track violations of the U.N. arms embargo on Yemen, document weapons seizures, and describe U.S. and partner efforts to stop illegal arms flows. Initial reports are due within 180 days and then annually; some look back to October 7, 2023, and January 1, 2022, to cover recent events. The law would end five years after it takes effect unless renewed .

• Who is affected: Foreign individuals and entities tied to Houthi attacks on shipping or to arming the Houthis; they face asset freezes and U.S. travel bans.
• What changes: The U.S. would block property under its jurisdiction, revoke visas, and deny entry to those involved; violators of these sanctions face penalties under existing federal sanctions laws.
• Reporting: The administration must report on Houthi capabilities, attack impacts (including on the global economy), Iran’s role, China’s presence, and interdictions of weapons shipments, starting within 180 days and then annually; some reports cover periods beginning Oct. 7, 2023, or Jan. 1, 2022 .
• Exceptions and waivers: There are limited exceptions for U.S. intelligence and international obligations, and case-by-case waivers are allowed if they serve U.S. national security and Congress is notified.
• Timeline: Implementing rules must be issued within 120 days after enactment; the law sunsets after five years unless extended.