S. 2872

119th CONGRESS 1st Session

To amend the Agricultural Credit Act of 1978 to authorize assistance for emergency measures in response to pine beetle outbreaks, and for other purposes.

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES · September 18 (legislative day, September 16), 2025 · Sponsor: Mrs. Hyde-Smith · Committee: Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry

Table of contents

• S. 2872
  • SEC. 1. Short title
  • SEC. 2. Emergency measures in response to pine beetle outbreaks
  • SEC. 3. Emergency loans

SEC. 1. Short title

• This Act may be cited as the Emergency Pine Beetle Response Act of 2025.

SEC. 2. Emergency measures in response to pine beetle outbreaks

• Section 407 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1978 () is amended— 16 U.S.C. 2206
  • by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); and
    • (e) Emergency measures in response to pine beetle outbreaks
      • (1) Definitions
        • In this subsection:
        • (A) Eligible itemized costs
          • The term eligible itemized costs means any expenses incurred by a timber service business in carrying out a contractual service associated with an outbreak response measure, including—
            • (i) labor or hours for truck drivers or equipment operators;
            • (ii) mileage or hours for use of equipment, such as transports, bulldozers, and skidders; and
            • (iii) materials, such as gravel, grass seed, culverts, mats, and insecticides.
        • (B) Outbreak response measure
          • The term outbreak response measure means any measure necessary to address a pine beetle outbreak on nonindustrial private forest land, including—
            • (i) timber harvesting or thinning;
            • (ii) prescribed burning;
            • (iii) debris removal;
            • (iv) insecticide treatment;
            • (v) establishment of buffer areas; and
            • (vi) such other measures as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
        • (C) Timber service business
          • The term timber service business means a business that derives gross revenue from—
            • (i) cutting or transporting timber from forest land; or
            • (ii) inspecting, planting, pruning, or removing trees in a residential or commercial area.
      • (2) Assistance for owners of nonindustrial private forest land
        • (A) In general
          • The Secretary shall make payments to an owner of nonindustrial private forest land that carries out an outbreak response measure to restore forest health and forest-related resources after the land is damaged by a pine beetle outbreak.
        • (B) Cost-share requirement
          • Payments made under subparagraph (A) shall not exceed 85 percent of the total cost of the outbreak response measures carried out by an owner of nonindustrial private forest land.
      • (3) Assistance for timber service businesses
        • (A) In general
          • The Secretary shall make payments to a timber service business to cover the eligible itemized costs of the timber service business incurred in restoring forest health and forest-related resources on nonindustrial private forest land after the land is damaged by a pine beetle outbreak.
        • (B) Cost-share requirement
          • Payments made under subparagraph (A) shall not exceed 50 percent of the total eligible itemized costs incurred by a timber service business.
      • (4) Eligibility and provision of payments
        • (A) Eligibility
          • To be eligible for a payment under paragraph (2) or (3), an owner of nonindustrial private forest land or a timber service business, respectively, shall submit to the applicable local office of the Farm Service Agency an application demonstrating that—
            • (i) to the satisfaction of the local office, the nonindustrial private forest land on which the outbreak response measures are carried out had tree cover immediately before the pine beetle outbreak;
            • (ii) the nonindustrial private forest land is located in a county that the Secretary has designated as a primary natural disaster area due to drought, wildfire, hurricane or excessive winds, an ice storm or blizzard, a flood, or any other resource-impacting event during the preceding 12-month period; and
            • (iii) forest pest surveys conducted by the Forest Service or a State forestry agency confirm pine beetle infestations on or within a reasonable distance from the nonindustrial private forest land on which the outbreak response measures are carried out.
        • (B) Implementation by local offices
          • The local offices of the Farm Service Agency, in consultation with the applicable county committees of the Farm Service Agency, shall—
            • (i) determine whether applicants for payments under paragraphs (2) and (3) are eligible for the payments; and
            • (ii) provide payments to eligible applicants.
      • (5) Emergency outbreak public assistance grants
        • The Secretary may provide supplemental grants to State, Tribal, and local governments to aid in the response to, and the repair of damage caused by, pine beetle outbreaks.
  • by inserting after subsection (d) the following:

SEC. 3. Emergency loans

• (a) In general
  • Section 321 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act () is amended— 7 U.S.C. 1961
  • In general
    • by striking subsection (d);
    • in subsection (c)—
      • by inserting before the period at the end; and
      • by striking and inserting the following:
        • (d) Family farm system
          • The Secretary
    • by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c);
    • by striking the section designation and all that follows through in subsection (a) and inserting the following:
      • (a) Definitions
        • In this subtitle:
        • Definitions
        • (1) Able to obtain sufficient credit elsewhere
          • The term , with respect to an applicant, means that the applicant is able to obtain sufficient credit elsewhere to finance the actual needs of the applicant at a reasonable rate and terms, taking into consideration prevailing private and cooperative rates and terms in the community in or near which the applicant resides for loans for similar purposes and periods of time. able to obtain sufficient credit elsewhere
        • (2) Aquaculture
          • The term aquaculture means the husbandry of aquatic organisms under a controlled or selected environment.
      • (b) Eligible persons
        • The Secretary
      • (e) Loans to owners of nonindustrial private forest land
        • (1) Definitions
          • In this subsection:
          • (A) Nonindustrial private forest land
            • The term nonindustrial private forest land has the meaning given the term in section 407(a) of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1978 (). 16 U.S.C. 2206(a)
          • (B) Outbreak response measure
            • The term outbreak response measure has the meaning given the term in subsection (e)(1) of section 407 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1978 (). 16 U.S.C. 2206
        • (2) Loans
          • Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, the Secretary may make an emergency loan to an owner of nonindustrial private forest land to carry out an outbreak response measure.
        • (3) Amount
          • The amount of an emergency loan under this subsection shall be not less than 75 percent of the estimated total cost of the outbreak response measures to be carried out to address a pine beetle outbreak.
        • (4) Loan repayment options
          • In the case of an owner of nonindustrial private forest land that receives an emergency loan under this subsection and subsequently receives a cost-share payment under subsection (e)(2) of section 407 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1978 () with respect to the same pine beetle outbreak on the same nonindustrial private forest land, the owner may, at the option of the owner, apply the amount of the cost-share payment to the remaining principal on the emergency loan under this subsection. 16 U.S.C. 2206
    • by adding at the end the following:
• (b) Conforming amendments
  • Section 531(a) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act () is amended— 7 U.S.C. 1531(a)
    • in paragraph (16), by striking and inserting ; and
    • in paragraph (18), by striking and inserting .
  • Section 324(d)(1) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act () is amended, in the first sentence, by striking section 321(b) of this titleand inserting section 321(c). 7 U.S.C. 1964(d)(1)
  • Section 901(a) of the Trade Act of 1974 () is amended— 19 U.S.C. 2497(a)
    • in paragraph (5), by redesignating clauses (i) through (iii) as subparagraphs (A) through (C), respectively, and indenting the subparagraphs appropriately;
    • in paragraph (16), by striking and inserting ; and
    • in paragraph (18), by striking and inserting .
  • Section 582(d)(1) of the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994 () is amended by striking and inserting . 42 U.S.C. 5154a(d)(1)