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Introduced on February 26, 2025 by Marie Gluesenkamp Perez
This bill tightens the rules on foreign purchases of U.S. farmland. It strengthens the 1978 law that makes foreign buyers report their land to the USDA. The old cap on fines (25% of the land’s value) is removed, so the USDA can set higher fines when someone breaks the reporting rules. For foreign-owned “shell” companies—businesses with little or no real operations—the fine can be 100% of the land’s value, unless they fix a missing or wrong filing within 60 days after the USDA notifies them.
It also adds more oversight. The USDA must audit at least 10% of reports every year and train state and county staff to spot land that should have been reported but wasn’t. The USDA must study foreign investment in U.S. farmland and report to Congress, starting 180 days after the law takes effect and then every year. The research must look at foreign leasing, shell-company purchases, and the effects on family farms, rural communities, and our food supply, plus foreign ownership of farm production capacity. It authorizes $2 million per year for 2025–2030 to carry out this work.
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