Fiscal Commission Act · Introduced in House (2025-05-08)

SEC. 2. Definitions

In this Act:

The term co-chair means an individual appointed to serve as a co-chair of the Fiscal Commission under section 3(a)(3)(B)(i).
The term Fiscal Commission means the commission established under section 3(a).
The term implementing bill means a bill or joint resolution consisting solely of the legislative text the Fiscal Commission approves and submits under clauses (i) and (v), respectively, of section 3(a)(2)(B).
The term is an individual who is not an elected official or an officer or employee of the Federal Government or of any State. outside expert

SEC. 3. Establishment of Fiscal Commission

(a) Establishment of fiscal commission

(1) Establishment
- (A) In general
  - Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act, there is established in Congress a Fiscal Commission.
- (B) Goals
  - The goals of the Commission shall be to educate, and bring awareness to, the American public about the fiscal path the Nation is on, including—
    - (i) educating the American people so they understand the fiscal state of the Nation and the cost of not addressing such state; and
    - (ii) informing the American people about the deterioration of our Nation’s fiscal health, and that the debt poses a significant risk to the Nation’s long-term fiscal sustainability with implications for future generations.
(2) Duties
- (A) Improve fiscal situation
  - (i) The Fiscal Commission shall identify policies to—
  - meaningfully improve the long-term fiscal condition of the Federal Government, including reducing the debt and deficit;
  - achieve a sustainable ratio of the public debt of the Federal Government to the gross domestic product of the United States, which shall be not more than 100 percent, by fiscal year 2039; and
  - improve the solvency of Federal programs for which a Federal trust fund exists for a period of at least 75 years.
  - (ii) In carrying out clause (i), the Fiscal Commission shall, to the extent practicable, consider the budgetary effects of changes in economic output, employment, capital stock, and other macroeconomic variables resulting from public and private investments and propose recommendations that meaningfully improve the long-term fiscal condition of the Federal Government, including—
  - changes to address the current levels of discretionary appropriations, direct spending, and revenues and the gap between current revenues and expenditures of the Federal Government; and
  - changes to address the growth of discretionary appropriations, direct spending, and revenues and the gap between the projected revenues and expenditures of the Federal Government.
  - (iii) Not later than 60 days after the date described in paragraph (1), each committee of the Senate and the House of Representatives may transmit to the Fiscal Commission any recommendations of the committee relating to changes in law to further the duties described in clause (ii).
  - (iv) The Fiscal Commission may meet to consider, and vote on, an interim report on—
  - any findings, conclusions, or recommendations of the Fiscal Commission described in subparagraph (A)(i);
  - any findings or recommendations with respect to carrying out the goals described in paragraph (1)(B); and
  - as the Fiscal Commission determines appropriate, any findings resulting from any hearing held or evidence received by the Commission.
- (B) Report identified policies
  - (i) Notwithstanding paragraph (4)(D)(ii)(II), and consistent with clause (vi), not earlier than November 4, 2026, but not later than November 13, 2026, the Fiscal Commission shall meet to consider, and vote on—
  - a report that contains a detailed statement of the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the Fiscal Commission described in subparagraph (A)(i) and the estimate of the Congressional Budget Office required under paragraph (4)(D)(ii); and
  - legislative language to carry out the recommendations of the Fiscal Commission in the report described in subclause (I), which shall include a statement of the economic and budgetary effects of the recommendations.
  - (ii) A report and legislative language of the Fiscal Commission under clause (i) shall require the approval of a majority of the members of the Fiscal Commission, provided that such majority shall be required to include not less than 2 members of the Fiscal Commission appointed by members of the Republican Party and 2 members appointed by members of the Democratic party.
(3) Membership
- (A) In general
  - The Fiscal Commission shall be composed of 16 members appointed, not later than 14 days after the date described in paragraph (1) and with due consideration to chairs and ranking minority members of the committees and subcommittees of subject matter jurisdiction (as applicable), as follows:
    - (i) 3 individuals from among the Members of the Senate, and 1 outside expert, appointed by the majority leader of the Senate.
    - (ii) 3 individuals from among the Members of the Senate, and 1 outside expert, appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.
    - (iii) 3 individuals from among the Members of the House of Representatives, and 1 outside expert, appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.
    - (iv) 3 individuals from among the Members of the House of Representatives, and 1 outside expert, appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.
- (B) Co-chairs
  - (i) Not later than 14 days after the date described in paragraph (1), with respect to the Fiscal Commission—
  - the leadership of the Senate and House of Representatives of the same political party as the President shall appoint 1 individual from among the members of the Fiscal Commission who shall serve as a co-chair of the Fiscal Commission; and
  - the leadership of the Senate and House of Representatives of the opposite political party as the President shall appoint 1 individual from among the members of the Fiscal Commission who shall serve as a co-chair of the Fiscal Commission.
  - (ii) With respect to the Fiscal Commission, the co-chairs of the Fiscal Commission, acting jointly, shall hire the staff director of the Fiscal Commission.
- (C) Period of appointment
  - (i) The members of the Fiscal Commission shall be appointed for the life of the Fiscal Commission.
  - (ii) Vacancy
    - Any vacancy in the Fiscal Commission shall not affect the powers of the Fiscal Commission, but shall be filled not later than 14 days after the date on which the vacancy occurs, in the same manner as the original appointment was made.
    - If a member of the Fiscal Commission who was appointed as a Member of the Senate or the House Representatives ceases to be a Member of the Senate or the House of Representatives, as applicable—
    - the member shall no longer be a member of the Fiscal Commission; and
    - a vacancy in the Fiscal Commission exists.
(4) Administration
- (A) In general
  - With respect to the Fiscal Commission, to enable the Fiscal Commission to exercise the powers, functions, and duties of the Fiscal Commission, there are authorized to be disbursed by the Senate the actual and necessary expenses of the Fiscal Commission approved by the co-chairs of the Fiscal Commission, subject to the rules and regulations of the Senate.
- (B) Expenses
  - With respect to the Fiscal Commission, in carrying out the functions of the Fiscal Commission, the Fiscal Commission is authorized to incur expenses in the same manner and under the same conditions as the Joint Economic Committee is authorized under section 11(d) of the Employment Act of 1946 (). 15 U.S.C. 1024(d)
- (C) Quorum
  - With respect to the Fiscal Commission, 7 members of the Fiscal Commission shall constitute a quorum for purposes of voting, meeting, and holding hearings. Outside experts shall not count for purposes of determining whether there is a quorum under this subparagraph.
- (D) Voting
  - (i) No proxy voting shall be allowed on behalf of any member of the Fiscal Commission.
  - (ii) Congressional budget office estimates
    - The Director of the Congressional Budget Office shall, with respect to the legislative language of the Fiscal Commission under paragraph (2)(B)(i)(II), provide to the Fiscal Commission—
    - estimates of the legislative language in accordance with sections 308(a) and 201(f) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 ( and 601(f)); and 2 U.S.C. 639(a)
    - information on the budgetary effects of the legislative language on the long-term fiscal outlook.
    - The Fiscal Commission may not vote on any version of the report, recommendations, or legislative language of the Fiscal Commission under paragraph (2)(B)(i) unless the estimates and information described in subclause (I) of this clause are made available for consideration by all members of the Fiscal Commission not later than 48 hours before that vote, as certified by the co-chairs of the Fiscal Commission.
    - (iii) Only members of the Fiscal Commission who are Members of the Senate or the House of Representatives may vote on any matter of the Fiscal Commission. An outside expert serving as a member of the Fiscal Commission shall be a nonvoting member.
- (E) Meetings
  - (i) Not later than 45 days after the date described in paragraph (1), the Fiscal Commission shall hold the first meeting of the Fiscal Commission.
  - (ii) For each meeting of the Fiscal Commission, the co-chairs of the Fiscal Commission shall provide an agenda to the members of the Fiscal Commission not later than 48 hours before the meeting.
- (F) Hearings
  - (i) The Fiscal Commission may, for the purpose of carrying out this section, hold such hearings, sit and act at such times and places, require attendance of witnesses and production of books, papers, and documents, take such testimony, receive such evidence, and administer such oaths as the Fiscal Commission considers advisable.

(b) Staff of Fiscal Commission

(1) In general
- The co-chairs of the Fiscal Commission may jointly appoint and fix the compensation of staff of the Fiscal Commission as the co-chairs determine necessary, in accordance with the guidelines, rules, and requirements relating to employees of the Senate.
(2) Ethical standards
- (A) Senate
  - Members appointed by Members of the Senate who serve on the Fiscal Commission and staff of the Fiscal Commission shall adhere to the ethics rules of the Senate.
- (B) House of representatives
  - Members appointed by Members of the House of Representatives who serve on the Fiscal Commission shall be governed by the ethics rules and requirements of the House of Representatives.

The Fiscal Commission shall terminate on the date that is 30 days after the date the Fiscal Commission submits the report under subsection (a)(2)(B)(v).

SEC. 4. Expedited consideration of implementing bills

(a) Qualifying legislation

Only an implementing bill shall be entitled to expedited consideration under this section.

(b) Consideration in the House of Representatives

(1) Introduction
- If the Fiscal Commission approves and submits legislative language under clauses (i) and (v), respectively, of section 3(a)(2)(B), the implementing bill consisting solely of that legislative language shall be introduced in the House of Representatives (by request)—
  - by the majority leader of the House of Representatives, or by a Member of the House of Representatives designated by the majority leader of the House of Representatives, on the third legislative day after the date the Fiscal Commission approves and submits such legislative language; or
  - if the implementing bill is not introduced under subparagraph (A), by any Member of the House of Representatives on any legislative day beginning on the legislative day after the legislative day described in subparagraph (A).
(2) Referral and reporting
- Any committee of the House of Representatives to which an implementing bill is referred shall report the implementing bill to the House of Representatives without amendment not later than 5 legislative days after the date on which the implementing bill was so referred. If any committee of the House of Representatives to which an implementing bill is referred fails to report the implementing bill within that period, that committee shall be automatically discharged from consideration of the implementing bill, and the implementing bill shall be placed on the appropriate calendar.
(3) Proceeding to consideration
- After the last committee authorized to consider an implementing bill reports it to the House of Representatives or has been discharged from its consideration, it shall be in order to move to proceed to consider the implementing bill in the House of Representatives. Such a motion shall not be in order after the House of Representatives has disposed of a motion to proceed with respect to the implementing bill. The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the motion to its adoption without intervening motion.
(4) Consideration
- The implementing bill shall be considered as read. All points of order against the implementing bill and against its consideration are waived. The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the implementing bill to its passage without intervening motion except 2 hours of debate equally divided and controlled by the proponent and an opponent.
(5) Vote on passage
- The vote on passage of the implementing bill shall occur pursuant to the constraints under clause 8 of rule XX of the Rules of the House of Representatives.

(1) Introduction in the Senate

SEC. 6. Rulemaking

The provisions of this Act are enacted by Congress—

as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate and the House of Representatives, respectively, and, as such, the provisions—
- shall be considered as part of the rules of each House, respectively, or of that House to which they specifically apply; and
- shall supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and
with full recognition of the constitutional right of either House to change such rules (so far as relating to such House) at any time, in the same manner, and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule of such House.

H.R. 3289

Table of contents

SEC. 1. Short title

SEC. 2. Definitions

SEC. 3. Establishment of Fiscal Commission

SEC. 4. Expedited consideration of implementing bills

SEC. 5. Funding

SEC. 6. Rulemaking