Sponsor
Josh S. Gottheimer
Representative · D-NJ
Representative · D-NJ
The bill increases congressional oversight, required national-security and economic justification, and transparency for tariff actions—helping predictability and accountability for businesses and the public—but it reduces executive speed and flexibility, risking delayed protections, weakened retaliatory leverage, and added administrative costs.
Taxpayers, Members of Congress, and the public: Congress gains a formal approval role over new national-security tariffs, increasing legislative oversight and democratic accountability for trade measures.
Small businesses, middle-class families, and affected industries: Tariff decisions must be supported by DoD/ITC reports and economic-impact analysis so duties are justified on national-security grounds and assessed for economic harm before approval.
Small-business-owners and middle-class families: Unilateral presidential tariff proclamations are limited to a single 120-day urgent exception, reducing the potential duration of emergency tariffs and increasing predictability for businesses.
The President and federal executive branch: Added procedural requirements could delay the ability to quickly impose tariffs in time-sensitive national-security crises, reducing rapid-response flexibility.
Small-business-owners, manufacturers, and middle-class families: If congressional approval is slow or politicized, industries and supply chains may remain exposed because emergency unilateral action is tightly limited.
U.S. trade negotiators and the public: Making it harder and slower to impose retaliatory duties could weaken U.S. leverage in trade disputes and reduce deterrence against unfair foreign practices.
Based on analysis of 3 sections of legislative text.
Requires ITC analysis, DoD justification, committee consultations, and congressional approval or potential disapproval before many new tariffs or import restrictions take effect.
Limits the President's and USTR's ability to impose new or increased import duties by creating new congressional review, reporting, and consultation requirements and by requiring a joint resolution of approval (except for one emergency proclamation of up to 120 days). It also adds a 60-day pause and a congressional disapproval resolution process before USTR can implement certain Trade Act (section 301) actions, and requires ITC economic impact reports and DoD national security justifications when national-security tariffs are proposed.
Official title: To limit the authority of the President to modify duty rates for national security reasons and to limit the authority of the United States Trade Representative to impose certain duties or import restrictions, and for other purposes.
Introduced April 8, 2025 by Josh S. Gottheimer · Last progress April 8, 2025