Wildfire Insurance Coverage Study Act of 2025

This bill orders a national study on wildfire insurance. The Government Accountability Office (GAO), working with federal and state insurance experts, must look at how big the wildfire risk is, how well we measure it, and whether a national wildfire risk map is needed. It also examines how homeowners and businesses are being covered today, including where premiums, deductibles, or non-renewals have gone up, and when coverage for wildfire damage has been limited or dropped. The study will also review what states are doing—like rate controls, moratoriums, special insurance programs, and required mitigation—and how those actions affect price and access to insurance .

The GAO will dig into why it’s hard for insurers to price wildfire risk, the chance of very large losses, and how things like new housing in high-risk areas affect costs. It will consider possible responses, such as better forest management, better risk data, home hardening, moving people out of high-risk zones, and financial help for lower-income homeowners. The GAO must deliver its report to Congress within one year of the law taking effect .

• Key points

  Who is affected	What changes	When
  Homeowners, renters, small businesses in wildfire-prone areas; insurers; state regulators	A nationwide study of wildfire insurance risk, coverage trends, state actions, and options to improve availability and affordability. No immediate change to policies—information first, possible actions later.	Study begins after enactment; report due within 1 year