In this chapter:

((1)) ** Agent** The term “agent” means a nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological substance that causes agricultural disease or the adulteration of products regulated by the Secretary of Agriculture under any provision of law.

((2)) ** Agricultural biosecurity** The term “agricultural biosecurity” means protection from an agent that poses a threat to—

((A)) plant or animal health;

((B)) public health as it relates to the adulteration of products regulated by the Secretary of Agriculture under any provision of law that is caused by exposure to an agent; or

((C)) the environment as it relates to agriculture facilities, farmland, and air and water within the immediate vicinity of an area associated with an agricultural disease or outbreak.

((3)) ** Agricultural countermeasure** The term “agricultural countermeasure”—

((A)) means a product, practice, or technology that is intended to enhance or maintain the agricultural biosecurity of the United States; and

((B)) does not include a product, practice, or technology used solely in response to a human medical incident or public health emergency not related to agriculture.

((4)) ** Agricultural disease** The term “agricultural disease” has the meaning given the term by the Secretary.

((5)) ** Agricultural disease emergency** The term “agricultural disease emergency” means an incident of agricultural disease that requires prompt action to prevent significant damage to people, plants, or animals.

((6)) ** Agroterrorist act** The term “agroterrorist act” means an act that—

((A)) causes or attempts to cause—

((i)) damage to agriculture; or

((ii)) injury to a person associated with agriculture; and

((B)) is committed or appears to be committed with the intent to—

((i)) intimidate or coerce a civilian population; or

((ii)) disrupt the agricultural industry in order to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion.

((7)) ** Animal** The term “animal” has the meaning given the term in .section 8302 of this title

((8)) ** Department** The term “Department” means the Department of Agriculture.

((9)) ** Development** The term “development” means—

((A)) research leading to the identification of products or technologies intended for use as agricultural countermeasures to protect animal health;

((B)) the formulation, production, and subsequent modification of those products or technologies;

((C)) the conduct of in vitro and in vivo studies;

((D)) the conduct of field, efficacy, and safety studies;

((E)) the preparation of an application for marketing approval for submission to an applicable agency; or

((F)) other actions taken by an applicable agency in a case in which an agricultural countermeasure is procured or used prior to issuance of a license or other form of Federal Government approval.

((10)) ** Plant** The term “plant” has the meaning given the term in .section 7702 of this title

((11)) ** Qualified agricultural countermeasure** The term “qualified agricultural countermeasure” means an agricultural countermeasure that the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security, determines to be a priority in order to address an agricultural biosecurity threat.