Summary

Authorizes the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) to investigate and block attempts by entities tied to nonmarket economy countries to dodge existing section 301 tariffs by moving production or investment to third countries. It sets definitions, ownership thresholds, timelines for inquiries and determinations, information-sharing duties for federal agencies, and standards for imposing remedial duties equal to at least the original section 301 duty.

• Grants USTR authority to investigate and penalize foreign-controlled entities that use third-country investments to evade section 301 tariffs.
• Sets a 25% direct or indirect equity-ownership threshold to define covered entities tied to nonmarket economy countries.
• Requires USTR to decide within 45 days whether to open an inquiry and to make a determination within 180 days after initiating one.
• Permits remedial measures including duties at least equal to the evaded section 301 duty and ties measure duration to the underlying 301 action or continued control.
• Mandates federal agencies to provide information requested by USTR and requires USTR to explain to Congress any decision not to impose measures after a finding.
• Applies to entities controlled by countries designated as nonmarket economies and identified on the Special 301 Priority Watch List.
• Allows USTR to act prospectively if third‑country production is planned, not only after production begins.
• Adds the new enforcement authority into the Trade Act’s statutory structure (table of contents updated).