Back the Blue Act of 2025

This bill would make it a federal crime to kill, try to kill, or plan to kill a United States judge, a federal law enforcement officer, or a public safety officer whose job is funded by the federal government, either while they are on duty or because of their official work. It also covers killing former judges, officers, or federally funded public safety officers because of their past official duties.

It sets strong penalties: at least 10 years in prison and up to life; if someone dies, the sentence is at least 30 years and can be life or the death penalty, plus possible fines. The bill lists who counts as covered “public safety” and “judicial” officers, including firefighters (even some volunteers), rescue and ambulance crews, prosecutors, court security, pretrial services officers, court reporters, and corrections, probation, and parole officers.

• Who is affected: U.S. judges; federal law enforcement; federally funded public safety officers like firefighters, rescue/ambulance crews, and certain court staff.
• What changes: Creates a federal crime for killing, attempting, or conspiring to kill these people due to their duties, and for killing former officials because of past duties.
• Penalties: Minimum 10 years up to life; if a death results, 30 years to life or the death penalty, plus fines.