BITCOIN Act of 2025

This bill would create a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve run by the Treasury to securely store the government’s Bitcoin in cold storage at facilities spread across the country. It requires public, quarterly “proof of reserves” reports that show the government controls the coins, checked by an independent auditor and the Comptroller General. Any Bitcoin held by federal agencies may not be sold and, once legal title is final, must be moved into the Reserve. States may choose to store their own Bitcoin in segregated accounts inside the Reserve; they keep full ownership and can withdraw under their agreement, while acknowledging custody risks. The federal government isn’t liable unless there is gross negligence or willful misconduct.

The Treasury would buy 200,000 Bitcoin each year for five years (1,000,000 total), with flexibility to adjust the schedule. All coins must be held for at least 20 years, with no sales allowed during that time. Two years before the end of that period, the Treasury must advise Congress; after the hold, it may only recommend selling small portions (no more than 10% every two years) to reduce the national debt. The Reserve can also grow from transfers, forfeitures, gifts, and other lawful, non-purchase means. Forks and airdrops tied to the Reserve’s Bitcoin must be kept at least five years; after that, the dominant asset is kept and others can be sold unless a non-dominant asset is found to have special value.

To help pay for this, from 2025–2029 the first $6 billion of any yearly Federal Reserve bank earnings sent to the Treasury would go to the purchase program (only if such earnings are remitted). The bill also revalues old gold certificates held by Federal Reserve banks so that the extra value is sent to the Treasury; those funds first cover Bitcoin purchases, and any extra goes to reduce the public debt. It adds Bitcoin to the assets allowed in the Treasury’s Exchange Stabilization Fund. The bill also makes clear the government cannot seize or limit anyone’s lawful Bitcoin and affirms the right to self-custody.

Key points

• Who is affected: Treasury and federal agencies holding Bitcoin; states that opt in; Federal Reserve banks; people and businesses who own Bitcoin.
• What changes: Creates a national Bitcoin reserve with strict security and public reporting; buys up to 1,000,000 Bitcoin over five years; stops agencies from selling and moves their Bitcoin into the Reserve; lets states use segregated accounts; channels certain Fed remittances and gold-certificate gains to fund purchases; adds Bitcoin to a Treasury stabilization fund; protects private Bitcoin property rights.
• When: Purchases run for five years; holdings are locked for at least 20 years; first annual program report is due one year after enactment and then yearly for 20 years; proof-of-reserves reports are quarterly; Federal Reserve banks must tender old gold certificates within 180 days and remit the revaluation difference within 90 days; special remittance funding runs 2025–2029.