Sponsors (6)
The bill clarifies and centralizes how Bitcoin and certain forks/airdrops are held and managed—protecting private self‑custody and adding public oversight—while shifting substantial financial, operational, and governance risk onto taxpayers and concentrating custody/market exposure in the federal government.
Private owners (individuals and businesses) keep clear legal title and the ability to self-custody Bitcoin and certain digital-asset forks/airdrops, protecting personal control and privacy over holdings.
The bill creates statutory transparency, regular public reporting, independent third‑party audits, and GAO oversight of any government-held Strategic Bitcoin Reserve, increasing public accountability for those holdings.
Establishes a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and framework for Treasury-held Bitcoin that could diversify government assets and, if managed well, provide proceeds that might be used to retire debt or otherwise benefit federal finances.
Taxpayers and the federal balance sheet are exposed to substantial cryptocurrency price volatility because the bill directs significant Treasury/Federal Reserve remittances and other receipts toward buying and holding Bitcoin (including caps that could permit very large purchases).
Centralizing large Bitcoin holdings in a government Strategic Reserve creates concentration and single‑point‑of‑failure risks (custody, cybersecurity, and market‑impact risks) that could amplify losses or operational failures affecting many stakeholders.
Redirecting Federal Reserve remittances and mandating gold‑certificate remittances for Bitcoin purchases risks politicizing Federal Reserve–Treasury relationships and could undermine perceived central bank independence, creating governance and legal challenges.
Based on analysis of 11 sections of legislative text.
Creates a Treasury Strategic Bitcoin Reserve, directs purchases of 1,000,000 BTC over five years, requires long holding periods, public proof‑of‑reserve, and funds purchases via Fed remittances and gold‑certificate remittances.
Introduced March 11, 2025 by Cynthia M. Lummis · Last progress March 11, 2025
Creates a Treasury-run Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and a five-year Bitcoin Purchase Program to buy 200,000 Bitcoin per year (1,000,000 total), deposits those coins into a cold-storage reserve, and requires the Reserve to hold purchased Bitcoin for at least 20 years. Establishes public proof-of-reserve reporting and independent cryptographic audits, requires federal agencies to transfer any Bitcoin they control into the Reserve, allows states to opt into segregated custody accounts, and directs funding for purchases through Federal Reserve remittances and gold-certificate remittances.