Revises the first sentence to add definitions for “person” and “law enforcement officer,” modifies subsection (b) as designated, and adds new subsections (c)–(f) establishing vicarious liability for persons whose employees or contractors commit constitutional or statutory violations while performing law-enforcement functions, abrogating State sovereign immunity for those claims pursuant to section 5 of the 14th Amendment, waiving the United States’ sovereign immunity for those claims, and preserving other existing causes of action.