Sponsors (7)
The bill increases U.S. visibility into and resilience of critical-mineral supply chains—strengthening planning, industry resilience, and allied capacity—at the cost of added government administrative expense, potential commercial confidentiality and diplomatic risks, and uncertainties from imperfect data.
State and federal policymakers (and taxpayers indirectly) will get detailed, up-to-date data on global critical mineral and rare-earth supplies, improving strategic planning and national-security decisionmaking.
U.S. firms and government actors (utilities, energy companies, small businesses, financial institutions) will find it easier to identify supply-chain risks from foreign entities of concern, supporting domestic industry resilience and reducing economic disruption risk.
Allied partner countries and U.S. energy/utilities firms will benefit from promoted allied cooperation and technology sharing to expand allied mining and processing capacity, helping reduce reliance on hostile suppliers.
Federal agencies and taxpayers will incur administrative costs to collect, compile, and publish global, mine-level data on critical minerals (annual or biennial reporting), increasing government spending and workload.
Publishing mine ownership and beneficial-owner information could raise commercial confidentiality concerns for companies and foreign partners, potentially harming business relationships and discouraging cooperation.
Classifying and publishing lists of 'foreign entities of concern' may strain diplomatic relations with some countries and firms, risking retaliation or reduced cooperation on other policy areas.
Based on analysis of 2 sections of legislative text.
Requires the Interior Secretary to produce a global, biennial report with mine-level and aggregate data on critical minerals, ownership, and foreign control.
Introduced February 27, 2025 by John Cornyn · Last progress February 27, 2025
Requires the Secretary of the Interior, working with the Department of Energy and other federal agencies, to produce a global report on critical minerals and rare earth elements within one year of enactment and every two years after. The report must identify where minerals are produced, who ultimately owns and controls mines (including beneficial owners), which resources are controlled by defined “foreign entities of concern,” which are controlled by the U.S. or allied partners, and why some known deposits are not commercially mined. The law adds detailed mine-level and aggregate reporting requirements to existing mineral security law, including estimates of annual output and remaining reserves, allocation of output among operators, lists of key foreign and allied entities, and coverage of recyclable/recycled sources. The requirement is intended to improve transparency about supply chain control and inform national security and resource planning.