Authorize the Secretary of Energy and the Administrator of NASA to carry out cross-cutting and collaborative research and development activities, as practicable, to support DOE and NASA mission requirements and priorities.

Authorize the Secretary and the Administrator to make competitive awards, in accordance with subsection (e), to carry out the collaborative R&D activities described in subsection (a).

Require the Secretary and the Administrator to coordinate activities under subsection (a) through one or more memoranda of understanding or other appropriate interagency agreements.

Authorize DOE and NASA to conduct collaborative research and development activities in a variety of focus areas, which may include: propulsion systems and components (including nuclear thermal and nuclear electric propulsion, radioisotope power systems, thermoelectric generators, advanced nuclear fuels, heater units); modeling and simulation, machine learning, data assimilation, large-scale data analytics, and predictive analysis; fundamental high energy physics, astrophysics, and cosmology; fundamental Earth and environmental sciences; quantum information sciences (including quantum computing and quantum network infrastructure); radiation health effects; ground- and space-based technology for transmitting solar energy collected in space; Arctic science and infrastructure resilience; wildfire mitigation and resilience; space weather forecasting and geomagnetic storm impact assessment; satellite data acquisition, processing, and distribution infrastructure (including high-latitude ground stations and data centers); STEM workforce development and experiential training programs in underserved or remote regions; and any other R&D collaboration the Secretary and Administrator consider important.

Develop methods to accommodate large voluntary data sets on space and aeronautical information on high-performance computing systems with variable quality and scale.