Summary

Prohibits federal courts (including district courts for Guam, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands) from issuing orders that try to stop the enforcement of a statute, regulation, order, or similar authority against a person or entity that is not a party to the lawsuit, unless that non-party is represented by a party acting in a recognized representative capacity under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. It also inserts the new statutory text into the United States Code.

• Creates 28 U.S.C. §2285 to limit federal courts' ability to enjoin enforcement against non-parties.
• Bars orders that restrain enforcement of laws, regulations, orders, or similar authorities as to non-parties unless they are represented by a party acting in a representative capacity under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
• Applies to all federal courts, including territorial district courts (Guam, Virgin Islands, Northern Mariana Islands).
• Does not change substantive merits of statutes or regulations; it constrains available judicial remedies.
• May reduce issuance of broad or nationwide injunctions that affect persons or entities not before the court.
• Relies on existing Federal Rules of Civil Procedure to define who may represent non-parties.
• Adds the new section to Title 28’s table of sections for statutory codification.
• May increase litigation in multiple jurisdictions if plaintiffs cannot obtain relief that binds non-parties in a single case.
• Likely to change strategy for litigants seeking injunctive relief against government action or regulation.
• Does not specify an effective date in the provided text.