Summary

Strengthens legal limits on using federal funds to withdraw the United States from the North Atlantic Treaty (NATO) by requiring Senate two‑thirds consent or an Act of Congress and by conditioning any withdrawal on other NATO members who miss the 2% of GDP defense spending target committing to reach 2% within five years. It also authorizes the Senate Legal Counsel or House General Counsel, when a chamber adopts a resolution, to start or join federal lawsuits to block withdrawal actions and requires reporting to relevant congressional committees. The amendments expire and revert to the prior statutory text on September 30, 2033.

• Strengthens the ban on using federal funds to withdraw the U.S. from NATO, permitting withdrawal only with a two‑thirds Senate vote or an Act of Congress.
• Conditions any permitted withdrawal on other NATO members who miss the 2% GDP defense-spending benchmark committing to reach 2% within five years.
• Allows the Senate Legal Counsel or House General Counsel, upon chamber resolution, to initiate or join federal lawsuits opposing withdrawal actions.
• Requires prompt reporting by any legal counsel acting under this authority to the House Foreign Affairs and Senate Foreign Relations Committees.
• Reiterates congressional findings that NATO is central to U.S. security and that allied interoperability and defense spending improve deterrence.
• Does not appropriate new funding, change tax policy, or create new federal programs.
• Includes a sunset: the amendments expire and the earlier statutory text is restored on September 30, 2033.
• Increases congressional oversight and legal avenues to block executive action inconsistent with statutory protections for treaty membership.