Adds a new definition 'Data center' as definition (30) to section 3 of the Federal Power Act defining facilities (or groups of facilities) behind a single point of interconnection with primary electronic equipment and peak demand >50 MW.

Inserts a new section 224 into the Federal Power Act after section 223 establishing FERC authority over retail rates and charges from covered electric utilities to data centers, cost allocation rules, prohibitions on cost-shifting, applicability exceptions, definitions, and enforcement provisions.

Amends multiple sections of the Federal Power Act regarding penalties and related provisions to account for data centers, including inserting text in sections 221 and 307(a), modifying section 311 to add 'data center' in a list, and revising section 316A(b) to add a new specific civil penalty for violations of section 224.

Conforming amendment to section 201(e) to update the list of section references by adding '224'.