Sponsors (2)
The bill would strengthen immigrants' ability to sue under § 1983 for enforcement-related harms but increases litigation exposure and legal uncertainty for federal and local enforcement agencies.
Immigrants subjected to immigration enforcement can bring clearer or expanded civil claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, increasing their ability to seek remedies for alleged rights violations.
Local and federal agencies may face legal uncertainty about enforcement authority and civil liability, complicating intergovernmental cooperation and potentially disrupting enforcement practices.
Federal immigration officers and other federal employees could face increased litigation exposure and legal costs if § 1983 liability is expanded, raising potential taxpayer costs and creating deterrent effects on enforcement behavior.
Based on analysis of 2 sections of legislative text.
Assigns the short title NOEM Act and amends the first sentence of 42 U.S.C. §1983, but the excerpt does not include the substance of the amendment.
Amends the federal civil-rights cause of action in 42 U.S.C. §1983 by inserting new text into the statute's opening sentence, and establishes a short title for the Act as the "NOEM Act." The excerpt provided does not include the actual wording of the inserted amendment, so the specific legal changes and their effects cannot be determined from this text alone.
Introduced December 5, 2025 by Seth Moulton · Last progress December 5, 2025