Summary

Requires every bill and joint resolution to deal with only one subject and to have that subject clearly and descriptively stated in its title. It bars unrelated or general law changes from being tucked into appropriations bills, preserves only the power to limit how appropriated funds are spent, and makes laws or provisions void if titles do not honestly reflect their contents. Creates a private right of action allowing any person (and certain Members of Congress) to sue for declaratory or injunctive relief when a law or provision violates the one-subject or title rules, with courts instructed to review such suits de novo.

• Every bill or joint resolution must address only one subject and state that subject clearly in its title.
• Appropriations bills may not include general legislation or changes to law that are not germane to the appropriations subject.
• Laws or provisions are void if the title does not accurately and descriptively reflect their subject matter.
• Appropriations provisions outside the jurisdiction of the relevant Appropriations subcommittee are void.
• Creates a private right of action allowing any aggrieved person or certain Members of Congress to sue to invalidate noncompliant laws.
• Courts must review these legal challenges de novo, increasing the chance of judicial invalidation of offending provisions.
• Preserves the power to impose limits on how appropriated funds are spent, even while restricting non-germane riders.
• Likely reduces omnibus and multi-subject legislative packages and increases reliance on narrower, single-subject bills.