This bill makes it a federal crime to knowingly or recklessly bring dangerous plant or animal diseases into the United States without the required permit. It targets “high-risk” agricultural pathogens—things that can badly harm crops, livestock, or farm ecosystems. The Department of Agriculture will set which pathogens count through regulations. Penalties can include fines and up to 10 years in prison. If someone hides where it came from, acts for a foreign government, or causes over $1,000,000 in damage, the prison time can be up to 20 years.

Key points:

• Who is affected: Anyone importing biological agents, toxins, or organisms that can seriously harm U.S. agriculture, including businesses and researchers who need permits.
• What changes: Creates a new crime for importing these materials without proper authorization; sets tougher penalties for concealment, foreign government ties, or major economic damage.
• When: Would take effect if enacted; USDA will define which pathogens are “high-risk” by regulation.