Directs that the federal government should pursue a major, nationwide reduction in incarceration and a broad transformation of the justice system. It lists findings about racial disparities, high costs, harms to families and vulnerable people, and then states the House’s view that government should decriminalize many nonviolent behaviors (including certain migration-related conduct), cut and cap sentences, end punitive practices tied to profit, improve conditions for people in custody, restore parole and clemency processes, restore Pell eligibility for incarcerated students, and invest heavily in housing, health care, and community supports to prevent crime.