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Creates a new congressional review process for Presidential tariffs: the President must notify Congress within 48 hours of imposing duties on imported goods, explain the reasons and likely effects, and any such duty automatically expires after 60 days unless Congress approves it by joint resolution. Antidumping and countervailing duties are specifically excluded from this process.
Add a new section 155, "Review of imposition of duties," to chapter 5 of title I of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2191 et seq.).
Notification requirement: Not later than 48 hours after imposing or increasing a duty on an imported article, the President must submit a notification to Congress that includes (1) an explanation of the reasoning for imposing or increasing the duty and (2) an assessment of the potential impact on United States businesses and consumers.
Duration limit for duties: Any duty on an imported article remains in effect for not more than 60 days unless a joint resolution of approval is enacted into law under subsection (e).
Extension by Congress: A duty may be extended beyond 60 days only if Congress enacts into law a joint resolution of approval with respect to that duty under subsection (e).
Disapproval by Congress: If a joint resolution of disapproval with respect to a duty is enacted into law under subsection (e), the duty ceases to have force or effect.
Who is affected and how:
Importers and domestic businesses: Importers face potential short-lived duties that could be reversed after 60 days if Congress does not approve; businesses that rely on imports may see sudden cost changes and uncertainty. Domestic producers competing with imports may gain temporary protection but lack assurance past 60 days without congressional approval.
American consumers: Short-term price increases on goods subject to new duties are possible, but those increases could be temporary if Congress does not ratify the duties.
The Executive branch: The President retains the ability to impose duties immediately but loses longer-term unilateral control because duties lapse unless Congress affirms them; this changes the balance of trade authority between the branches.
Congress and legislative process: Congress gains an expedited oversight role and must decide within a 60-day window whether to sustain duties, increasing legislative workload around trade actions and potentially politicizing tariff decisions.
Trade partners and markets: Other countries and foreign exporters face greater uncertainty about U.S. tariff durability; this could affect trade negotiations and market stability. WTO and treaty implications depend on how the duties are implemented and justified.
Overall implications: The change increases legislative oversight and shortens the effective unilateral authority of the President to maintain newly imposed duties. That reduces long-term unpredictability from the executive branch but raises short-term uncertainty for importers, consumers, and businesses that would have to plan for possible rapid reversals of tariffs. Removing AD/CVD from this process preserves existing specialized enforcement mechanisms but leaves a broad set of non-AD/CVD tariff actions subject to the new congressional review and sunset rule.
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Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committee on Rules, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
Introduced April 7, 2025 by Donald J. Bacon · Last progress April 7, 2025
Trade Review Act of 2025
Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committee on Rules, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
Introduced in House