((a)) ** In general** The owner of a basic application pending before the United States Patent and Trademark Office, or the owner of a basic registration granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office may file an international application by submitting to the United States Patent and Trademark Office a written application in such form, together with such fees, as may be prescribed by the Director.

((b)) ** Qualified owners** A qualified owner, under subsection (a), shall—

((1)) be a national of the United States;

((2)) be domiciled in the United States; or

((3)) have a real and effective industrial or commercial establishment in the United States.