In this chapter:

((1)) ** CITES** The term “CITES” means the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, done at Washington (27 UST 1087; TIAS 8249), including its appendices.March 3, 19731973-03-03

((2)) ** Conservation** The term “conservation”—

((A)) means the use of methods and procedures necessary to prevent the diminution of, and to sustain viable populations of, a species; and

((B)) includes all activities associated with wildlife management, such as—

((i)) conservation, protection, restoration, acquisition, and management of habitat;

((ii)) in-situ research and monitoring of populations and habitats;

((iii)) assistance in the development, implementation, and improvement of management plans for managed habitat ranges;

((iv)) enforcement and implementation of CITES;

((v)) enforcement and implementation of domestic laws relating to resource management;

((vi)) development and operation of sanctuaries for members of a species rescued from the illegal trade in live animals;

((vii)) training of local law enforcement officials in the interdiction and prevention of the illegal killing of great apes;

((viii)) programs for the rehabilitation of members of a species in the wild and release of the members into the wild in ways which do not threaten existing wildlife populations by causing displacement or the introduction of disease;

((ix)) conflict resolution initiatives;

((x)) community outreach and education; and

((xi)) strengthening the capacity of local communities to implement conservation programs.

((3)) ** Fund** The term “Fund” means the Great Ape Conservation Fund established by .section 6304 of this title

((4)) ** Great ape** The term “great ape” means a chimpanzee, gorilla, bonobo, orangutan, or gibbon.

((5)) ** Multinational Species Conservation Fund** The term “Multinational Species Conservation Fund” means such fund as established in title I of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999, under the heading “” [].16 U.S.C. 4246

((6)) ** Secretary** The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Interior.