((a)) ** Study of regulation of surface mining; consultation with tribe; proposed legislation** The Secretary is directed to study the question of the regulation of surface mining on Indian lands which will achieve the purpose of this chapter and recognize the special jurisdictional status of these lands. In carrying out this study the Secretary shall consult with Indian tribes. The study report shall include proposed legislation designed to allow Indian tribes to elect to assume full regulatory authority over the administration and enforcement of regulation of surface mining of coal on Indian lands.

((b)) ** Submittal of study to Congress** The study report required by subsection (a) together with drafts of proposed legislation and the view of each Indian tribe which would be affected shall be submitted to the Congress as soon as possible but not later than .January 1, 19781978-01-01

((c)) ** Compliance with interim environmental protection standards of this chapter** On and after one hundred and thirty-five days from , all surface coal mining operations on Indian lands shall comply with requirements at least as stringent as those imposed by subsections (b)(2), (b)(3), (b)(5), (b)(10), (b)(13), (b)(19), and (d) of and the Secretary shall incorporate the requirements of such provisions in all existing and new leases issued for coal on Indian lands.section 1265 of this titleAugust 3, 19771977-08-03

((d)) ** Compliance with permanent environmental protection standards of this chapter** On and after thirty months from , all surface coal mining operations on Indian lands shall comply with requirements at least as stringent as those imposed by sections 1257, 1258, 1259, 1260, 1265, 1266, 1267, and 1269 of this title and the Secretary shall incorporate the requirements of such provisions in all existing and new leases issued for coal on Indian lands.August 3, 19771977-08-03

((e)) ** Inclusion and enforcement of terms and conditions of leases** With respect to leases issued after , the Secretary shall include and enforce terms and conditions in addition to those required by subsections (c) and (d) as may be requested by the Indian tribe in such leases.August 3, 19771977-08-03

((f)) ** Approval of changes in terms and conditions of leases** Any change required by subsection (c) or (d) of this section in the terms and conditions of any coal lease on Indian lands existing on , shall require the approval of the Secretary.August 3, 19771977-08-03

((g)) ** Participation of tribes** The Secretary shall provide for adequate participation by the various Indian tribes affected in the study authorized in this section and not more than $700,000 of the funds authorized in shall be reserved for this purpose.section 1302(a) of this title

((h)) ** Jurisdictional status** The Secretary shall analyze and make recommendations regarding the jurisdictional status of Indian Lands  outside the exterior boundaries of Indian reservations: , That nothing in this chapter shall change the existing jurisdictional status of Indian Lands.11Provided

((i)) ** Grants** The Secretary shall make grants to the Navajo, Hopi, Northern Cheyenne, and Crow tribes to assist such tribes in developing regulations and programs for regulating surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Indian lands. Grants made under this subsection shall be used to establish an office of surface mining regulation for each such tribe. Each such office shall—

((1)) develop tribal regulations and program policies with respect to surface mining;

((2)) assist the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement established by in the inspection and enforcement of surface mining activities on Indian lands, including, but not limited to, permitting, mine plan review, and bond release; and

((3)) sponsor employment training and education in the area of mining and mineral resources.

((j)) ** Tribal regulatory authority**

((1)) ** Tribal regulatory programs**

((A)) ** In general** Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an Indian tribe may apply for, and obtain the approval of, a tribal program under regulating in whole or in part surface coal mining and reclamation operations on reservation land under the jurisdiction of the Indian tribe using the procedures of .section 1253 of this titlesection 1254(e) of this title

((B)) ** References to State** For purposes of this subsection and the implementation and administration of a tribal program under subchapter V, any reference to a “State” in this chapter shall be considered to be a reference to a “tribe”.

((2)) ** Conflicts of interest**

((A)) ** In general** The fact that an individual is a member of an Indian tribe does not in itself constitute a violation of .section 1211(f) of this title

((B)) ** Employees of tribal regulatory authority** Any employee of a tribal regulatory authority shall not be eligible for a per capita distribution of any proceeds from coal mining operations conducted on Indian reservation lands under this chapter.

((3)) ** Sovereign immunity** To receive primary regulatory authority under , an Indian tribe shall waive sovereign immunity for purposes of and paragraph (4).section 1254(e) of this titlesection 1270 of this title

((4)) ** Judicial review**

((A)) ** Civil actions**

((i)) ** In general** After exhausting all tribal remedies with respect to a civil action arising under a tribal program approved under , an interested party may file a petition for judicial review of the civil action in the United States circuit court for the circuit in which the surface coal mining operation named in the petition is located.section 1254(e) of this title

((ii)) ** Scope of review**

((I)) ** Questions of law** The United States circuit court shall review de novo any questions of law under clause (i).

((II)) ** Findings of fact** The United States circuit court shall review findings of fact under clause (i) using a clearly erroneous standard.

((B)) ** Criminal actions** Any criminal action brought under with respect to surface coal mining or reclamation operations on Indian reservation lands shall be brought in—

((i)) the United States District Court for the District of Columbia; or

((ii)) the United States district court in which the criminal activity is alleged to have occurred.

((5)) ** Grants**

((A)) ** In general** Except as provided in subparagraph (B), grants for developing, administering, and enforcing tribal programs approved in accordance with shall be provided to an Indian tribe in accordance with .section 1254(e) of this titlesection 1295 of this title

((B)) ** Exception** Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), the Federal share of the costs of developing, administering, and enforcing an approved tribal program shall be 100 percent.

((6)) ** Report** Not later than 18 months after the date on which a tribal program is approved under subsection (e) of , the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report, developed in cooperation with the applicable Indian tribe, on the tribal program that includes a recommendation of the Secretary on whether primary regulatory authority under that subsection should be expanded to include additional Indian lands.section 1254 of this title