Except as otherwise specifically provided in this part, no provision of this part shall apply to, or be deemed to include—

((1)) the United States;

((2)) a State or any political subdivision of a State;

((3)) any foreign governmental authority not operating in the United States;

((4)) any agency, authority, or instrumentality of any entity referred to in paragraph (1), (2), or (3); or

((5)) any officer, agent, or employee of any entity referred to in paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4) acting as such in the course of his or her official duty.