((a)) ** .—** Except as provided in subsection (b), the coastwise laws apply to the United States, including the island territories and possessions of the United States.

((b)) ** .—** The coastwise laws do not apply to—

((1)) American Samoa;

((2)) the Northern Mariana Islands, except as provided in section 502(b) of the Covenant To Establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in Political Union With the United States of America ( note); or

((3)) the Virgin Islands until the President declares by proclamation that the coastwise laws apply to the Virgin Islands.