((a)) An owner, charterer, managing operator, agent, master, or individual in charge of a vessel knowingly allowing the vessel to be operated in violation of is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of no more than $10,000 for each day during which the vessel is in violation. The vessel also is liable in rem for the penalty.

((b)) An individual who directs the navigation of a vessel in violation of is liable to the Government for a civil penalty of no more than $10,000 for each day during which the violation occurs.

((c)) A person violating a regulation prescribed under is liable to the Government for a civil penalty of no more than $10,000.