((a)) This chapter applies, according to the provisions thereof, except to the extent that—
((1)) statutes preclude judicial review; or
((2)) agency action is committed to agency discretion by law.
((b)) For the purpose of this chapter—
((1)) “agency” means each authority of the Government of the United States, whether or not it is within or subject to review by another agency, but does not include—
((A)) the Congress;
((B)) the courts of the United States;
((C)) the governments of the territories or possessions of the United States;
((D)) the government of the District of Columbia;
((E)) agencies composed of representatives of the parties or of representatives of organizations of the parties to the disputes determined by them;
((F)) courts martial and military commissions;
((G)) military authority exercised in the field in time of war or in occupied territory; or
((H)) functions conferred by sections 1738, 1739, 1743, and 1744 of title 12; subchapter II of chapter 471 of title 49; or sections 1884, 1891–1902, and former section 1641(b)(2), of title 50, appendix; and
((2)) “person”, “rule”, “order”, “license”, “sanction”, “relief”, and “agency action” have the meanings given them by .