In this chapter:

((1)) ** .—** The term “aeronautical and space activities” means—

((A)) research into, and the solution of, problems of flight within and outside the Earth’s atmosphere;

((B)) the development, construction, testing, and operation for research purposes of aeronautical and space vehicles;

((C)) the operation of a space transportation system including the space shuttle, upper stages, space platforms, and related equipment; and

((D)) such other activities as may be required for the exploration of space.

((2)) ** .—** The term “aeronautical and space vehicles” means aircraft, missiles, satellites, and other space vehicles, manned and unmanned, together with related equipment, devices, components, and parts.