Text of Senate Amendment 6529

Quick facts

Record: Senate Floor
Section type: Amendments
Chamber: Senate
Date: June 24, 2026
Congress: 119th Congress
Why this source matters: This section came from the Senate floor portion of the record.

Linked context

People mentioned: Risch, James E.
Bills and resolutions: S.Con.Res. 14 (117th Congress)
Committees: Committee on Foreign Relations, Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, Committee on Financial Services

Readable version of the official text

SA 6529. Mr. RISCH (for himself and Mrs. Shaheen) submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. 4784, to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2027 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

At the end, add the following:

DIVISION E—SHADOW FLEET SANCTIONS ACT OF 2026

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This division may be cited as the “Sanctioning Harborers

And Dodgers Of Western Sanctions Act of 2026” or the

“SHADOW Fleet Sanctions Act of 2026”.

TITLE I—SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

SEC. 101. DEFINITIONS.

In this title:

(1) Adequate maritime insurance.—

(A) In general.—The term “adequate maritime insurance”

means—

(i) verified documentation evidencing protection and

indemnity insurance, cargo insurance, and hull and machinery

insurance, with audited financial statements of the insurer;

(ii) records demonstrating compliance with relevant

statutes and regulations regarding the insured subject

matter; and

(iii) a commitment to provide, upon reasonable request,

evidence needed by the insurer, reinsurer, or broker to

satisfy themselves or any regulator of such compliance.

(B) Exclusion.—The term “adequate maritime insurance”

does not include insurance provided by an insurer that—

(i) is organized under the laws of the Russian Federation;

and

(ii) continues to provide coverage to any vessel designated

for the imposition of sanctions under the laws of the United

States, the European Union, or the United Kingdom without a

specific waiver of or exception to the application of such

sanctions.

(2) Admitted; alien; lawfully admitted for permanent

residence.—The terms “admitted”, “alien”, and “lawfully

admitted for permanent residence” have the meanings given

those terms in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality

Act (8 U.S.C. 1101).

(3) Appropriate congressional committees.—The term

“appropriate congressional committees” means—

(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on

Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and

(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on

Financial Services of the House of Representatives.

(4) Beneficial owner.—The term “beneficial owner” means,

with respect to a vessel, any individual who, directly or

indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding,

relationship, or otherwise—

(A) exercises substantial control over the vessel; or

(B) owns not less than 25 percent of the vessel.

(5) Foreign person.—The term “foreign person” means an

individual or entity that is not a United States person.

(6) Foreign vessel.—The term “foreign vessel” means a

vessel that is not a vessel of the United States (as defined

in section 116 of title 46, United States Code).

(7) Knowingly.—The term “knowingly”, with respect to

conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has

actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the

circumstance, or the result.

(8) Petroleum product.—The term “petroleum product”

means oil of any kind or in any form, crude oil, gasoline,

diesel fuel, aviation fuel, fuel oil, kerosene, any product

obtained from refining or processing of crude oil, liquefied

petroleum gases, natural gas liquids, petrochemical

feedstocks, condensate, waste or refuse mixtures containing

any of such oil products, and any other liquid hydrocarbon

compounds.

(9) Russian-origin petroleum product.—The term “Russian-

origin petroleum product” means a petroleum product

extracted, refined, processed, or otherwise produced in the

Russian Federation.

(10) Russian person.—The term “Russian person” means—

(A) a citizen or national of the Russian Federation; or

(B) an entity organized under the laws of the Russian

Federation or otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the

Government of the Russian Federation.

(11) Russian shadow fleet.—The term “Russian shadow

fleet” means any foreign vessel or vessels used or directed

by or on behalf of the Russian Federation to transport

Russian-origin petroleum products in circumvention of

sanctions imposed with respect to the Russian Federation by

the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, or

other countries.

(12) Sabotage activities.—The term “sabotage activities”

means actions, or preparations for actions, taken with the

intent to cause defective production, operation, or damage to

critical undersea infrastructure, including energy pipelines,

offshore energy facilities, or subsea power lines and

telecommunications cables and associated landing stations and

facilities.

(13) United states person.—The term “United States

person” means—

(A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted

for permanent residence to the United States;

(B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States

or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a

foreign branch of such an entity; or

Subtitle A—Sanctions With Respect to Russian Shadow Fleet

PART I—IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS

SEC. 111. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO VESSELS

SUSPECTED OF PARTICIPATION IN OR SUPPORT OF THE

RUSSIAN SHADOW FLEET.

(a) In General.—Beginning on the date of the enactment of

this Act, the President may impose the sanctions described in

section 181 with respect to any Russian shadow fleet vessel

that, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act,

transports Russian-origin petroleum products in circumvention

of sanctions imposed with respect to the Russian Federation

by the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union,

or other countries, including—

(1) any Russian shadow fleet vessel the owner or operator

of which knowingly—

(A) exhibits or engages in unsafe or nonstandard maritime

behavior in furtherance of the transportation of Russian-

origin petroleum products that originated in the Russian

Federation; or

(B) lacks adequate maritime insurance for the transport of

goods described in subparagraph (A);

(2) any foreign person that the President determines

knowingly—

(A) owns, operates, or manages a vessel described in

paragraph (1);

(B) provides underwriting services or insurance or

reinsurance necessary for such a vessel after sanctions are

imposed with respect to the vessel;

support a vessel described in paragraph (1);

(D) provides services or facilities for technology upgrades

or installation of equipment for, or retrofitting or

tethering of, a vessel described in paragraph (1) for the

purpose of evading sanctions;

(E) provided services for the testing, inspection, or

certification for a vessel described in paragraph (1) for the

purpose of evading sanctions;

(F) serves as a master of such a vessel; or

(G) transfers to the Russian Federation any foreign vessel

designed to transport Russian-origin petroleum products.

(b) Vessels Subject to Sanctions by the United Kingdom or

the European Union.—Beginning on the date of the enactment

of this Act, the President may impose the sanctions described

in section 181 with respect to any vessel that, on or after

such date of enactment, is—

(1) subject to sanctions with respect to the Russian

Federation imposed by the United Kingdom, the European Union,

the Group of 7, or a member of the Five Eyes intelligence

alliance; or

(2) owned or operated by a person subject to such

sanctions.

Behavior.—In determining under subsection (a)(1)(A) if a

vessel is exhibiting or engaged in unsafe or nonstandard

maritime behavior, the President may use as prima facie

evidence that the vessel is exhibiting or engaged in such

behavior if the vessel has exhibited 3 or more indicators of

such behavior, including the following:

(1) Has refused to take on a pilot in accordance with best

practices of the International Maritime Organization.

(2) Does not respond when hailed by appropriate maritime

authority.

(3) Turns off the Automatic Identification System of the

vessel without explanation or report to the appropriate

maritime authority within a reasonable period of time.

(4) Engages in unsafe maritime maneuvers with another

vessel.

(5) Is uninsured or underinsured, including any vessel that

is insured by an insurance company organized under the laws

of the Russian Federation or the Islamic Republic of Iran.

(6) Is single-hulled contrary to standards of the

International Maritime Organization.

(7) Has changed ownership or flag registry more than once

in the previous year.

(8) Has a history of deliberately losing power or turning

off transmitters without a compelling security need.

(9) Has not been properly maintained, based on credible

evidence.

(10) Has been involved in a recent maritime or

environmental incident.

(11) Is escorted by the military of the Russian Federation.

(12) Has engaged in sabotage activities.

(d) Report.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the

enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the

President shall submit to the appropriate congressional

committees a report that describes any sanctions imposed

under this section, including a brief description of each

foreign person and foreign vessel with respect to which

sanctions are imposed and the justification for such

sanctions.

SEC. 112. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN

PERSONS THAT SUPPORT RUSSIAN ILLICIT SHIPPING

WITH VESSELS SUBJECT TO UNITED STATES

SANCTIONS.

(a) In General.—Beginning on the date of the enactment of

this Act, the President may impose the sanctions described in

section 181 with respect to a foreign person if the President

determines that the foreign person, on or after the date of

the enactment of this Act, has engaged in a transaction

described in subsection (b) with a Russian shadow fleet

vessel that is subject to sanctions imposed by the United

States.

(b) Transactions Described.—A transaction described in

this subsection is any of the following:

(1) The conduct of any ship-to-ship transfer involving

Russian-origin petroleum products with a Russian shadow fleet

vessel.

(2) The provision of significant goods or services in

support of a Russian shadow fleet vessel with the knowledge

that the vessel is subject to sanctions imposed by the United

States, unless such goods or services are provided to respond

to an emergency.

(3) In the case of the owner or operator of a foreign port,

allowing a Russian shadow fleet vessel to port or otherwise

receive services at the foreign port, unless that vessel

needs to port or receive services as a result of an

emergency.

(4) In the case of a foreign person that is the owner or

operator of a refinery, knowingly engaging in a transaction

to process, refine, or otherwise deal in any Russian

Federation-origin petroleum products that were transported on

a Russian shadow fleet vessel.

SEC. 113. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PORT

TERMINALS ACCEPTING OIL FROM RUSSIAN SHADOW

FLEET VESSELS.

Beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the

President may impose the sanctions described in section 181

with respect to any foreign person that owns or operates a

port in the People's Republic of China or the Republic of

India that accepts oil from foreign vessels with respect to

which the United States has imposed sanctions.

PART II—DISCLOSURES, PUBLICATIONS, AND REPORTS

SEC. 121. ALIGNMENT OF DESIGNATION AUTHORITIES WITH EUROPEAN

UNION AND UNITED KINGDOM REGARDING RUSSIAN

SHADOW FLEET.

(a) Report.—

(1) In general.—Not later than 180 days after the date of

the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the

Secretary of State, through the head of the Office of

Sanctions Coordination and in coordination with the Secretary

of the Treasury and the Director of the Office of Foreign

Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury, shall

submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report

that includes a list of each foreign vessel subject to

sanctions imposed by the European Union or the United Kingdom

that is determined to operate as part of the Russian shadow

fleet.

(2) Justification.—For any vessel listed in a report under

paragraph (1) that is not subject to sanctions imposed by the

United States, the report shall include the justification

provided by the European Union or the United Kingdom, as the

case may be, for designation of the vessel (if that

justification is available to the public) and a brief

justification of the reason provided by the European Union or

the United Kingdom.

(b) Strategy.—Not later than 180 days after the date of

the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, through

the head of the Office of Sanctions Coordination and in

coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury and the

Director of the Office of Foreign Assets Control, shall

produce a strategy for enhancing alignment of sanctions

designation authorities of the United States regarding

vessels supporting the Russian shadow fleet with those

authorities of the European Union and the United Kingdom.

SEC. 122. SUPPORT OF EFFORTS OF THE JOINT EXPEDITIONARY

FORCE.

(a) Sense of Congress.—It is the sense of Congress that

the United States supports the efforts of the Joint

Expeditionary Force to track, monitor, deter, and if

necessary, respond to operations and illicit activities of

the Russian shadow fleet.

(b) Statement of Policy.—It shall be the policy of the

United States to use relevant maritime elements of the United

States Government to support and amplify the authorized

efforts of the Joint Expeditionary Force.

SEC. 123. REPORT ON SPECIFIC LICENSES GRANTED UNDER EXECUTIVE

ORDER 14024.

(a) In General.—Not later than 90 days after the date of

the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the

Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of the

Treasury, shall submit to the appropriate congressional

committees a report listing any specific license granted or

in effect under Executive Order 14024 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note;

relating to blocking property with respect to specified

harmful foreign activities of the Government of the Russian

Federation).

(b) Form.—Each report required under subsection (a) shall

be submitted in classified form.

PART III—FLAG STATE REQUIREMENTS AND STRATEGY

SEC. 131. MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR OPERATING AS A FLAG STATE

REGISTRY AND ASSESSMENT OF EFFORTS TO PREVENT

THE CIRCUMVENTION OF SANCTIONS AND OTHER

CRIMES.

It is the policy of the United States that the government

of a country is complying with the minimum standards required

by the United States for maintaining an open flag registry

if, on balance, the government—

(1) has enacted and implemented laws and established

government structures, policies, and practices that prohibit

and generally deter the use of its flag registry as a

mechanism to circumvent sanctions imposed by the United

States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, or other

Group of 7 countries, including prohibiting its flag to

continue to fly on vessels that are subject to sanctions

imposed by any such country or jurisdiction;

(2) has enacted and implemented laws and established

government structures, policies, and practices that prohibit

and generally deter the use of its flag registry to avoid

detection of illicit activities, including drug trafficking,

illicit arms shipments, human trafficking, and illegal,

unreported, and unregulated fishing activities;

(3) enforces the laws described in paragraphs (1) and (2)

by punishing any person found, through a fair judicial

process, to have violated those laws;

(4) takes steps to ensure ships flying its flag comply with

well-established industry standards and best practices

relating to maritime activities, including adhering to

resolutions and warnings promulgated by the International

Maritime Organization, such as Resolution A.1192(33)

(December 6, 2023) relating to urging member states and all

relevant stakeholders to promote actions to prevent illegal

operations in the maritime sector by the “dark fleet” or

“shadow fleet”;

(5) responds to credible reports from other countries and

private entities warning of vessels flying its flag engaging

in maritime behavior that poses safety risks, such as not

allowing pilot access or turning off Automatic Identification

Systems without adequate justification;

(6) takes steps to ensure vessels flying its flag adhere to

measures that lawfully prohibit and regulate ship-to-ship

transfers of oil or petroleum products subject to sanctions;

(7) takes steps to ensure vessels flying its flag possess

adequate and credible insurance to cover the costs of

maritime accidents;

(8) takes steps to ensure vessels are operating under

transparent ownership structures, including by verifying the

beneficial ownership and management of vessels; and

(9) takes steps to ensure vessels do not avoid flag state

or port state control inspections or avoid commercial

screenings and inspections.

SEC. 132. STRATEGY FOR COUNTRIES THAT DO NOT MAKE SUFFICIENT

EFFORTS TO COMPLY WITH MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR

OPERATING AS A FLAG STATE.

Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of

this Act, and annually thereafter through 2030, the Secretary

of State, in consultation with the heads of appropriate

Federal agencies, shall—

(1) conduct an assessment of countries that do not meet the

minimum standards for operating as a flag state registry in

compliance with United States policy, including the standards

described in section 131; and

(2) submit to the appropriate congressional committees a

strategy for identifying and engaging with those countries.

PART IV—OTHER MATTERS

SEC. 141. INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS TO IDENTIFY VESSELS

TRANSPORTING RUSSIAN-ORIGIN OIL.

It shall be the policy of the United States—

(1) to fully promote the recommendations made by Resolution

A.1192(33) of the International Maritime Organization,

adopted on December 6, 2023;

(2) to use the voice and vote of the United States in

international organizations and engage other relevant

multilateral bodies, such as the North Atlantic Treaty

Organization and the European Union, to strongly encourage

the governments of all countries to adopt those

recommendations, including the recommendation that a port

state, when the state becomes aware of a vessel intentionally

taking measures to avoid detection, such as switching off its

Automatic Identification System or long-range identification

and tracking system transmissions or concealing its actual

identity, should, following an initial investigation to

verify that the vessel has not stopped transmitting signals

for legitimate reasons—

(A) subject the vessel to enhanced inspections as

authorized through relevant mechanisms of the port state; and

(B) notify the flag administration of the vessel, as

appropriate; and

(3) to encourage governments of all countries to deny

access to ports and services for any vessel that, following

an initial investigation, is found to have turned off its

transponder or entered false information for the purpose of

conducting a transfer of or

transaction for crude oil of Russian Federation origin or

refined petroleum products made from such oil.

Subtitle B—Sanctions With Respect to Russian-origin Energy Products

SEC. 151. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PERSONS

WITH CERTAIN INTERESTS IN RUSSIAN ENERGY

PROJECTS.

(a) In General.—Beginning on the date of the enactment of

this Act, the President may impose the sanctions described in

section 181 with respect to any foreign person the President

determines is, on or after such date of enactment, a leader,

official, senior executive officer, or member of the board of

directors of, or principal shareholder with a controlling or

majority interest in, any of the following Russian energy

projects:

(1) The Yamal Liquified Natural Gas Project or a successor

project.

(2) The Arctic 1, 2, and 3 Liquified Natural Gas Projects

or a successor project.

(3) Any project in the Arctic region or the Russian Far

East carried out after the date of the enactment of this Act.

(b) Sense of Congress.—It is the sense of Congress that—

(1) countries that rely on Russian energy projects,

including Sakhalin-1 and Sakhalin-2, TurkStream 1 and 2, and

the Druzhba pipeline, should work to expeditiously end their

dependence on such projects and diversify their sources of

energy to exports from other countries, including the United

States; and

(2) the European Union should remain committed to firm

deadlines set forth in the RePowerEU Roadmap for the phasing

out of energy exported from the Russian Federation.

SEC. 152. STRATEGY TO COUNTER ROLE OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC

OF CHINA IN EVASION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT

TO RUSSIAN-ORIGIN PETROLEUM PRODUCTS.

(a) In General.—Not later than 120 days after the date of

the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in

consultation with the heads of other appropriate Federal

agencies, shall submit to the appropriate congressional

committees a written strategy, and provide to those

committees an accompanying briefing, on the role of the

People's Republic of China in evasion of sanctions imposed by

the United States with respect to Russian-origin petroleum

products that includes an assessment of options—

(1) to strengthen the enforcement of such sanctions; and

(2) to expand sanctions designations targeting the

involvement of the People's Republic of China in the

production, transportation, storage, refining, and sale of

Russian-origin petroleum products.

(b) Elements.—The strategy required by subsection (a)

shall include—

(1) a description and assessment of the use of sanctions in

effect before the date of the enactment of this Act to target

individuals and entities of the People's Republic of China

that are directly or indirectly associated with smuggling of

Russian-origin petroleum products;

(2) an assessment of—

(A) Russian-owned entities operating in the People's

Republic of China and involved in petroleum refining supply

chains;

(B) the People's Republic of China's role in Russian

petroleum refining supply chains;

in Russian petroleum supply chains to achieve political

objectives; and

(D) what percent of the energy consumption of the People's

Republic of China is linked to imported Russian-origin

petroleum products;

(3) a detailed plan for—

(A) monitoring the maritime domain for sanctionable

activity related to the transportation of Russian-origin

petroleum products;

(B) identifying the individuals, entities, and vessels

engaging in sanctionable activity related to Russian-origin

petroleum products, including—

(i) vessels—

(I) transporting petrochemicals of Russian Federation

origin;

(II) conducting ship-to-ship transfers of such

petrochemicals;

(III) with deactivated automatic identification systems; or

(IV) that engage in “flag hopping” by frequently changing

national registries;

(ii) individuals or entities—

(I) storing petrochemicals subject to sanctions; or

(II) refining or otherwise processing such petrochemicals;

and

(iii) through the use of port entry and docking permission

of vessels subject to sanctions;

sanctions by educating and engaging—

(i) insurance providers;

(ii) parent companies; and

(iii) vessel operators;

(D) collaborating with allies and partners of the United

States engaged in the Northern Europe, including through

standing or new maritime task forces, to build sanctions

enforcement capacity through assistance and training to

defense and law enforcement services; and

(E) using public communications and global diplomatic

engagements to highlight the role of smuggling of Russian-

origin petroleum products in bolstering the Russian

Federation's war efforts in Ukraine and support for other

malign activity; and

(4) an assessment of—

(A) the total number of vessels transporting Russian-origin

petroleum products;

(B) the total number of vessels smuggling such products

destined for the People's Republic of China;

attempts by the United States, the United Kingdom, or the

European Union to investigate or enforce sanctions with

respect to Russian-origin petroleum products;

(D) the effectiveness of the use of sanctions with respect

to insurers of entities that own or operate vessels involved

in transporting Russian-origin petroleum products;

(E) the personnel and resources needed to enforce sanctions

with respect to Russian-origin petroleum products; and

(F) the impact of smuggled Russian-origin petroleum

products on global energy markets.

submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified

index.

Subtitle C—Sanctions With Respect to Russian Defense Industrial Base

SEC. 161. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PERSONS

THAT SELL, LEASE, OR PROVIDE GOODS OR SERVICES

RELATING TO THE DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE OF THE

RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

(a) Report Required.—Not later than 60 days after the date

of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter,

the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of

the Treasury, shall submit to the appropriate congressional

committees a report that identifies, for the period covered

by the report each foreign person that the Secretary of

State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and

the Secretary of Commerce, determines has knowingly—

(1) sold, leased, provided, or facilitated selling,

leasing, or providing goods or services relating to the

defense industrial base of the Russian Federation,

including—

(A) computer numerical control (CNC) tools and associated

machinery, software, and maintenance or upgrade services;

(B) lubricant additives;

(D) items on the Common High Priority Items List maintained

by the Bureau of Industry and Security of the Department of

Commerce;

(E) nitrocellulose, wood cellulose, and associated

additives and components necessary for the production of

propellant or energetics for munitions;

(F) fiber optic cables with military applications and

associated technologies needed to manufacture such cables;

(G) advanced sensors; and

(H) any additional items identified by the Secretary of

State, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, that

are critical to the defense industrial base of the Russian

Federation; or

(2) facilitated deceptive or structured transactions to

provide the goods and services described by paragraph (1).

(b) Ineligibility for Visas, Admission, or Parole of

Identified Persons and Corporate Officers.—

(1) In general.—

(A) Visas, admission, or parole.—An alien described in

paragraph (2) shall be—

(i) inadmissible to the United States;

(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to

enter the United States; and

(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into

the United States or to receive any other benefit under the

Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).

(B) Current visas revoked.—

(i) In general.—The visa or other entry documentation of

an alien described in paragraph (2) shall be revoked,

regardless of when such visa or other entry documentation is

or was issued.

(ii) Immediate effect.—A revocation under clause (i)

shall—

(I) take effect immediately; and

(II) automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry

documentation that is in the possession of the alien.

(2) Aliens described.—An alien described in this paragraph

is an alien who is—

(A) identified in a report required by subsection (a);

(B) a corporate officer of a foreign entity identified in

that report; or

a foreign entity described in subparagraph (A).

President may exercise all powers granted to the President by

the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C.

1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit

all transactions in all property and interests in property of

any person identified in a report required by subsection (a)

if such property and interests in property are in the United

States, come within the United States, or are or come within

the possession or control of a United States person.

(d) Wind-down Period.—The President may not impose

sanctions under this section with respect to a person

identified in the first report submitted pursuant to

subsection (a) if the President certifies in such report that

the person has, not later than 30 days after the date of the

enactment of this Act, engaged in good faith efforts to wind

down operations that would otherwise subject the person to

the imposition of sanctions under this section.

Subtitle D—Modifications of Protecting Europe's Energy Security Act of

2019

SEC. 171. MODIFICATIONS OF PROTECTING EUROPE'S ENERGY

SECURITY ACT OF 2019.

Section 7503 of the Protecting Europe's Energy Security Act

of 2019 (title LXXV of Public Law 116-92; 22 U.S.C. 9526

note) is amended—

(1) in subsection (a)(1)(B)(v), by striking “the Nord

Stream 2 pipeline” and inserting “the Nord Stream 1

pipeline, the Nord Stream 2 pipeline, or a successor to

either such pipeline”;

(2) in subsection (e)—

(A) by striking paragraph (4); and

(B) by redesignating paragraphs (5) and (6) as paragraphs

(4) and (5), respectively;

(3) by amending subsection (f) to read as follows:

“(f) National Security Waiver.—

“(1) In general.—The President may waive the application

of sanctions under this section if—

“(A) the President—

“(i) determines such a waiver is in the national security

interests of the United States; and

“(ii) not later than 30 days before the waiver takes

effect, submits to the appropriate congressional committees a

report on the waiver and the reasons for the waiver; and

“(B) a joint resolution prohibiting the waiver is not

enacted into law during the 30-day period described in

subparagraph (A)(ii).

“(2) Consideration of joint resolutions.—

“(A) In general.—A joint resolution described in

paragraph (1)(B) introduced in either House of Congress shall

be considered in accordance with the provisions of section

601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms

Export Control Act of 1976 (Public Law 94-329; 90 Stat. 765),

except that the resolution shall be subject to germane

amendments.

“(B) Consideration of veto messages.—If joint resolution

described in paragraph (1)(B) is vetoed by the President, the

time for debate in consideration of the veto message on the

resolution shall—

“(i) in the Senate, be limited to 20 hours; and

“(ii) in the House of Representatives, be determined in

accordance with the Rules of the House.”; and

(4) in subsection (h)—

(A) by striking paragraph (2);

(B) by striking “terminate” and all that follows through

“the date on which” and inserting “terminate on the date

on which”;

paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively, and by moving such

paragraphs, as so redesignated, 2 ems to the left; and

(D) in paragraph (2), as redesignated, by striking “; or”

and inserting a period.

Subtitle E—General Provisions

SEC. 181. SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.

The sanctions described in this section that may be imposed

with respect to a foreign person are the following:

(1) Blocking of property.—The President may exercise all

of the powers granted to the President under the

International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701

et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all

transactions in property and interests in property of the

foreign person if such property and interests in property are

in the United States, come within the United States, or are

or come within the possession or control of a United States

person.

(2) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole.—

(A) Visas, admission, or parole.—A foreign person that is

an alien is—

(i) inadmissible to the United States;

(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to

enter the United States; and

(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into

the United States or to receive any other benefit under the

Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).

(B) Current visas revoked.—

(i) In general.—A foreign person that is an alien is

subject to revocation of any visa or other entry

documentation regardless of when the visa or other entry

documentation is or was issued.

(ii) Immediate effect.—A revocation under clause (i) shall

take effect immediately and automatically cancel any other

valid visa or entry documentation that is in the alien's

possession.

SEC. 182. EXCEPTIONS; WAIVERS.

(a) Exceptions.—

(1) Exception relating to importation of goods.—

(A) In general.—A requirement to block and prohibit all

transactions in all property and interests in property under

this title shall not include the authority or a requirement

to impose sanctions on the importation of goods.

(B) Good.—In this paragraph, the term “good” means any

article, natural or manmade substance, material, supply, or

manufactured product, including inspection and test

equipment, and excluding technical data.

(2) Exception to comply with united nations headquarters

agreement and law enforcement activities.—Sanctions under

this title shall not apply with respect to the admission of

an alien to the United States if admitting or paroling the

alien into the United States is necessary—

(A) to permit the United States to comply with the

Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations,

signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force

November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United

States, or other applicable international obligations of the

United States; or

(B) to carry out or assist authorized law enforcement

activity in the United States.

(3) Exception to comply with intelligence activities.—

Sanctions under this title shall not apply to any activity

subject to the reporting requirements under title V of the

National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any

authorized intelligence activities of the United States.

(4) Humanitarian assistance.—

(A) In general.—Sanctions under this title shall not apply

to—

(i) the conduct or facilitation of a transaction for the

provision of agricultural commodities, food, medicine,

medical devices, humanitarian assistance, or for humanitarian

purposes; or

(ii) transactions that are necessary for or related to the

activities described in clause (i).

(B) Definitions.—In this paragraph:

(i) Agricultural commodity.—The term “agricultural

commodity” has the meaning given that term in section 102 of

the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602).

(ii) Medical device.—The term “medical device” has the

meaning given the term “device” in section 201 of the

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).

(iii) Medicine.—The term “medicine” has the meaning

given the term “drug” in section 201 of the Federal Food,

Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).

(5) Exception for safety of vessels and crew and

decommissioning or demolition of vessels.—Sanctions under

this title shall not apply with respect to—

(A) a person providing provisions to a vessel otherwise

subject to sanctions under this title if the provisions are

intended for—

(i) the safety and care of the crew aboard the vessel;

(ii) the protection of human life aboard the vessel; or

(iii) the maintenance of the vessel to avoid any

environmental or other significant damage; or

(B) a person providing services to a vessel otherwise

subject to sanctions under this title if—

(i) the vessel fails to meet international maritime vessel

safety standards; and

(ii) the services are necessary to ensure the safe

decommissioning or destruction of the vessel.

(6) Annual report.—Not later than 1 year after the date of

the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the

President shall submit to the appropriate congressional

committees a report that describes each activity that would

be sanctionable under this title if not covered by an

exception under this subsection.

(b) Waiver.—

(1) In general.—The President may, on a case-by-case basis

and for periods not to exceed 180 days each, waive the

application of sanctions imposed with respect to a foreign

vessel or a foreign person under this title if the President

certifies to the appropriate congressional committees, not

later than 15 days after such waiver is to take effect, that

the waiver is in the national security interests of the

United States.

(2) Certification.—The President shall not be required to

impose sanctions under this title with respect to a foreign

person who has engaged in activity subject to sanctions under

this title if the President certifies in writing to the

appropriate congressional committees that the foreign

person—

(A) is no longer engaging in such activities; or

(B) has taken and is continuing to take significant,

verifiable steps toward permanently terminating such

activities.

construed to affect the availability of any existing

authorities to issue waivers, exceptions, exemptions,

licenses, or other authorization.

SEC. 183. IMPLEMENTATION.

(a) Implementation.—The President may exercise all

authorities under sections 203 and 205 of the International

Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) for

purposes of carrying out this title.

(b) Penalties.—A person that violates, attempts to

violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of this

title or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry

out this title may be subject to the penalties set forth in

subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International

Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same

extent as a person that commits an unlawful act described in

subsection (a) of that section.

SEC. 184. TERMINATION OF SANCTIONS AUTHORITIES.

The requirements and authorities to impose sanctions under

subtitles A, B, and C, and any sanctions imposed under those

subtitles, shall terminate on the date that is 10 years after

the date of the enactment of this Act.

TITLE II—OTHER MATTERS

SEC. 201. DETERMINATION WITH RESPECT TO RUSSIAN MILITARY

ACTIONS IN SUPPORT OF RUSSIAN SHADOW FLEET.

(a) In General.—The President may determine, at such times

as are required under subsection (b), whether—

(1) the Government of the Russian Federation, including

through any of its proxies, is

engaged in or knowingly supporting an escalation of military

measures in the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Sea, or the

Straits of Denmark, including to deter members of the North

Atlantic Treaty Organization from inspecting vessels

transporting Russian-origin petroleum products or posing a

threat to undersea infrastructure to ensure such vessels are

adhering to accepted maritime standards; and

(2) if the President makes a positive determination under

paragraph (1), whether that escalation increases the risk of

an incident at sea, including damage to undersea cable

infrastructure.

(b) Timing of Determinations.—The President may make the

determination described in subsection (a)—

(1) not later than 15 days after the date of the enactment

of this Act;

(2) after the first determination under paragraph (1), not

less frequently than every 30 days (or more frequently as

warranted) during the 1-year period beginning on such date of

enactment; and

(3) after the end of that 1-year period, not less

frequently than every 90 days.

subsection (a), the President shall submit a report on the

determination to—

(1) the committees specified in subsection (d);

(2) the majority leader and the minority leader of the

Senate; and

(3) the Speaker and the minority leader of the House of

Representatives.

(d) Committees Specified.—The committees specified in this

subsection are—

(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on

Armed Services, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of

the Senate; and

(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on

Armed Services, and the Permanent Select Committee on

Intelligence of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 202. RESOURCES FOR SANCTIONS IMPLEMENTATION AT THE

DEPARTMENT OF STATE.

(a) Sense of Congress.—It is the sense of Congress that

sanctions are a vital foreign policy and national security

tool, and as such, it is critical that the Department of

State and other agencies with responsibilities relating to

sanctions across the executive branch—

(1) are fully staffed, including through the prompt

confirmation by the Senate of a qualified head of the Office

of Sanctions Coordination of the Department of State; and

(2) have the resources and infrastructure necessary for the

successful development and implementation of sanctions.

(b) Increasing Resources and Improving Modernization for

Sanctions Implementation.—The head of the Office of

Sanctions Coordination shall take steps to modernize the

sanctions infrastructure and increase resources dedicated to

implementing sanctions, including by—

(1) ensuring the Department of State has necessary

subscriptions and access to open-source databases for

purposes of making determinations to support the designation

of persons for the imposition of sanctions;

(2) equipping bureaus involved in drafting and reviewing

evidentiary packages to support such designations with

sufficient technical resources to do so, including an

adequate number of workstations that can be used to review

classified information; and

(3) increasing the number of personnel dedicated to making

and reviewing such designations.

days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the head of

the Office of Sanctions Coordination shall submit to the

Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the

Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives

a report describing steps the Department of State is taking

to address challenges in the ability of the Department to

support the designation of persons for the imposition of

sanctions.

(d) Authorizations of Appropriation.—

(1) Office of sanctions coordination.—There is authorized

to be appropriated to the Office of Sanctions Coordination

for each of fiscal years 2026 and 2027 $15,000,000 to carry

out this section.

(2) Office of foreign assets control.—There is authorized

to be appropriated to the Office of Foreign Assets Control of

the Department of the Treasury for each of fiscal years 2026

and 2027 $15,000,000 to carry out this section.

SEC. 203. MODIFICATION OF LIMITATION ON MILITARY COOPERATION

BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE RUSSIAN

FEDERATION.

Section 1232 of the National Defense Authorization Act for

Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328; 130 Stat. 2488) is

amended—

(1) by striking subsections (c) and (d); and

(2) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections

SEC. 204. EMERGENCY APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE COUNTERING RUSSIAN

INFLUENCE FUND.

(a) Emergency Appropriations.—

(1) Authorization of appropriation.—There is authorized to

be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not

otherwise appropriated, $200,000,000 to the Secretary of

State for fiscal years 2026 and 2027 for the Countering

Russian Influence Fund to provide additional support to

Ukraine and allies of the United States in Central and

Eastern Europe in the wake of aggression by the Russian

Federation, including assistance combating Russian Federation

information operations, sabotage activities, cyber threats,

and security threats.

(2) Emergency designation.—

(A) In general.—The amounts provided under paragraph (1)

are designated as an emergency requirement pursuant to

section 4(g) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 (2

U.S.C. 933(g)).

(B) Designation in the senate and the house of

representatives.—This subsection is designated as an

emergency requirement pursuant to subsections (a) and (b) of

section 4001 of S. Con. Res. 14 (117th Congress), the

concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2022.

(b) Report Required.—

(1) In general.—Not later than 90 days after the date of

the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the

Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate committees

of Congress a report that contains a description of the

activities carried out pursuant to this section.

(2) Form.—The strategy required by paragraph (1) shall be

submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified

annex if necessary.

section, the term “appropriate committees of Congress”

means—

(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on

Appropriations of the Senate; and

(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on

Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 205. REPORT ON PRESIDENTIAL DRAWDOWN AUTHORITY AND

UKRAINE SECURITY ASSISTANCE INITIATIVE.

(a) In General.—Not later than 30 days after the date of

the enactment of this Act, and every 30 days thereafter, the

Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense shall jointly

submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report

that includes—

(1) the status of remaining amounts available for Ukraine

under the Presidential drawdown authority provided in the

Additional Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022

(Public Law 117-128; 136 Stat. 1211) and the Ukraine Security

Supplemental Appropriations Act (Public Law 118-50; 138 Stat.

905);

(2) a description of all defense articles and services

provided to Ukraine under Presidential drawdown authority,

Foreign Military Financing, and the Ukraine Security

Assistance Initiative under section 1250 of the National

Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law

114-92; 129 Stat. 1068); and

(3) a description of the readiness requirements,

valuations, and replenishment calculations used to determine

the availability of inventory to transfer to Ukraine.

(b) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.—In this

section, the term “appropriate committees of Congress”

means—

(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on

Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the

Senate; and

(2) the Committees on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on

Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the

House of Representatives.

SEC. 206. SUPPORT FOR UKRAINE ARMS SALES.

For any letter of offer to sell or license to export

defense articles or defense services to Ukraine that would

require a numbered certification to Congress required by

section 36 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2776),

the President shall not offer such letter of offer or issue

such license until 15 days have elapsed from the time such

numbered certification is provided to Congress,

notwithstanding the requirements of such section for 30 days,

and any joint resolution of disapproval shall be eligible for

a motion to discharge from the Committee on Foreign Relations

of the Senate 5 days after introduction.

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