Floor procedure

Quick facts

Record: Senate Floor
Section type: Procedure
Chamber: Senate
Date: September 23, 2026
Congress: 119th Congress
Why this source matters: This section came from the Senate floor portion of the record.

Linked context

Bills and resolutions: H.J.Res. 1 (119th Congress), S.J.Res. 1 (119th Congress), H.Con.Res. 6 (119th Congress)
Committees: Committee on Armed Services, Committee on Finance, Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

Readable version of the official text

The following petitions and memorials were laid before the Senate and

were referred or ordered to lie on the table as indicated:

POM-66. A memorial adopted by the Legislature of the State

of Florida urging the United States Congress to impel the

National Guard Bureau to examine the present allocations of

the Florida National Guard and allow an increase in its force

structure; to the Committee on Armed Services.

Senate Memorial 314

Whereas, the number of soldiers and airmen allocated to

each state's National Guard, known as its “force

structure,” is determined by the National Guard Bureau in

Washington, D.C., and

Whereas, with approximately 21 million residents, Florida

is the third most populous state in the nation but has a

force structure of just over 12,000 Guardsmen, and its ratio

of one Guardsman for every 1,833 residents ranks 53rd among

the 54 states and territories of the United States which have

a National Guard component, and

Whereas, due to the unprecedented events of 2020 and 2021,

including COVID-19 response, natural disasters, and overseas

deployments, the Florida National Guard expended the same

number of workdays in 18 months as it had expended during the

previous 20 years, and

Whereas, the Florida National Guard continues to meet its

mission goals; however, the shortage of these invaluable

“citizen soldiers,” combined with the state's growing

population and increased need for National Guard activation

and response, has resulted in the repeated redeployment of

the same soldiers, which ultimately leads to excessive stress

and fatigue and negatively impacts recruitment, retention,

and readiness, and

Whereas, the National Guard Bureau's report titled “Impact

of U.S. Population Trends on National Guard Force

Structure,” released to Congress in April 2021, acknowledges

the aforementioned concerns within Florida and other regions,

stating that “the National Guard may need to evaluate

reallocating mission sets to other geographic areas to keep

pace with changing demographics across the country,” now,

therefore, be it

Resolved by the Legislature of the State of Florida:

That the Florida Legislature respectfully urges the United

States Congress to impel the National Guard Bureau to examine

the present allocations of the Florida National Guard and

allow an increase in its force structure; and be it further

Resolved that the Secretary of State dispatch copies of

this memorial to the President of the United States, the

President of the United States Senate, the Speaker of the

United States House of Representatives, and each member of

the Florida delegation to the United States Congress.

POM-67. A memorial adopted by the Legislature of the State

of Florida urging the United States Congress to establish a

framework for a sovereign wealth fund for the United States;

to the Committee on Finance.

Senate Memorial 1488

Whereas, on February 3, 2025, President Donald J. Trump

issued an executive order that directs the Secretary of the

United States Department of the Treasury and the Secretary of

the United States Department of Commerce to develop a plan

within 90 days for the creation of a sovereign wealth fund,

and

Whereas, while the secretaries are developing the plan,

Congress should be proactive and establish the framework for

the sovereign wealth fund, and

Whereas, if Congress establishes the framework, the

sovereign wealth fund can be more efficiently implemented,

and

Whereas, the sovereign wealth fund can be used to promote

fiscal sustainability, lessen the burden of taxes on families

and small business, establish long-term economic security,

fund critical projects, and promote the United States'

economic and strategic leadership internationally, Now,

therefore, be it

Resolved by the Legislature of the State of Florida, that

the Congress of the United States is urged to establish a

framework for a sovereign wealth fund; and be it further

Resolved, That the Legislature urges Congress to enact any

legislation necessary to establish the framework for the

sovereign wealth fund, and be it further

Resolved, That the Secretary of State is directed to

dispatch copies of this memorial to the President of the

United States, to the President of the United States Senate,

to the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives,

and to each member of the Florida delegation to the Congress

of the United States.

POM-68. A joint memorial adopted by the Legislature of the

State of Washington requesting that the federal government

create a universal health care program to ensure that every

resident in Washington state and the United States has timely

access to health care services without incurring crippling

familial debt; to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor,

and Pensions.

Senate Joint Memorial 8004

Whereas, Universal access to affordable health care is one

of the most important issues in the United States; and

Whereas, Our current health care system is in a downward

spiral with costs continuing to skyrocket, medical debt

driving many into bankruptcy or life-altering indebtedness,

increasing child mortality rates especially in communities

with lower incomes, and creating unnecessary suffering in

entire families who struggle to maintain health care

insurance coverage or recover from the impacts of health care

costs up to and including bankruptcy and homelessness; and

Whereas, Article 25 of the universal declaration of human

rights ratified by the United Nations declares health care is

a human right; and

Whereas, Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. said, “Of

all the forms of inequality, injustice in health is the most

shocking and inhumane”; and

Whereas, A national universal health care program is the

most efficient and cost-effective means of providing access

to health care for everyone and eliminating the economic,

physical and mental health pain and suffering so many

Americans are experiencing due to lack of timely access to

health care and/or debt incurred; and

Whereas, A state-run universal health care program, in the

state of Washington, absent current barriers in federal law,

could replace the state's current multipayer system in which

individuals, private businesses, and government entities pay

public and private insurers for health care coverage; and

Whereas, This health plan would establish a state agency to

finance all primary and medically necessary health care with

substantial savings compared with the existing multipayer

system of public and private insurers; and

Whereas, This health plan would reduce financial barriers

to access care and the growing number of residents with

inadequate coverage. By reducing administrative and other

waste, including health insurance company profits and

excessive prices for drugs, hospitals, and medical devices,

it would save money on health care; and

Whereas, Washington businesses and workers will benefit by

lowering the cost of health care, removing the burden of

unfunded and inadequate coverage, and allowing businesses to

compete more effectively on national and international

markets. Businesses will also benefit directly by removing

the administrative costs of selecting and implementing health

insurance programs for their workers, a billion-dollar

expenditure for businesses in Washington state; and

Whereas, The current system of fragmented private health

insurance is the main obstacle to expanding access to health

care because it promotes administrative waste, both in the

processing of bills by providers and in the administration of

a health insurance system with its many separate health

insurance companies, each offering a large variety of

separate plans, each plan involving separate pricing schemes;

and

Whereas, The large number of independent companies and

health plans forces each provider to operate an entire back

office with billing clerks and other personnel to deal with

billing and negotiating prices for services and vastly

inflating the cost for providing health care; and

Whereas, Because the failures of our health care system

most dramatically harm marginalized communities, creating a

system of universal access, free point-of-service care and

standardized reimbursements will not only make health care

less expensive, it will also make it fairer and more

equitable. Instead of being a system that destroys future

opportunity for many, it will be a system which empowers

communities through their newfound health and independence;

now, therefore,

Your Memorialists respectfully pray that the federal

government:

(1) Create a universal health care program to ensure that

every resident of Washington state and our country has timely

access to health care services without incurring crippling

familial debt;

(2) Absent federal government action on the request in

subsection (1) of this memorial, partner with the state of

Washington to reduce barriers and allow the state to

successfully implement a universal health system for the

people of Washington such as passing legislation similar to

HR 6270 (by Rep. Ro Khanna, CA-17 ) that was introduced in

the 118th Congress which will allow states to create their

own universal health care programs; or

(3) Absent federal government action on the requests in

subsections (1) and (2) of this memorial with the appropriate

federal agencies, work to grant Washington state the

appropriate waivers to remove the restrictions on the state's

ability to create a universal health care system, and be it

Resolved, That copies of this Memorial be immediately

transmitted to the Honorable Donald J. Trump, President of

the United States, the Secretary of the United States

Department of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of the

United States Department of Labor, the federal agencies

involved with granting the requested necessary waivers, the

President of the United States Senate, the Speaker of the

House of Representatives, and each member of Congress from

the State of Washington.

POM-69. A joint memorial adopted by the Legislature of the

State of Washington opposing Medicare privatization and

urging the federal government to level the playing field

between Original Medicare and Medicare Advantage; to the

Committee on Finance.

Senate Joint Memorial 8002

Whereas, Original Medicare was created in 1965 as a public

good to provide a national health care system for seniors and

the disabled in the United States and has proven to be our

most efficient and effective public health care program with

administrative costs accounting for only two to three percent

of Medicare spending; and

Whereas, Since the federal government has created various

for-profit privatized health care programs within Medicare

including Part D which covers prescription drugs, Medigap

which are supplemental plans to cover Medicare Part B's 20

percent copays, and Medicare Advantage which is permitted to

take up to 15 percent of every Medicare dollar for

administration and profits for managing Medicare claims; and

Whereas, Recent reports by the department of health and

human services inspector general, academic researchers, and

investigative journalists have uncovered wide-ranging

fraudulent practices, confirming that upcoding, overpayments,

delaying medically necessary care, and the denial of claims

by insurers and other private businesses managing Medicare

claims, together, account for overcharging the Medicare trust

fund and Medicare beneficiaries by as much as $75 billion to

$140 billion annually; and

Whereas, Insurers and wall street are fiercely lobbying to

gain a larger share of the soon-to-be $1.6 trillion of annual

Medicare spending by further privatizing Medicare and turning

it into a profit center, thus hastening the depletion of the

Medicare trust fund at a time when Medicare beneficiaries are

among the most vulnerable populations served in health care,

and need more, not fewer benefits; now, therefore,

Your Memorialists respectfully pray in opposition to

Medicare privatization and urge the federal government to

level the playing field between Original Medicare and

Medicare Advantage so that Medicare beneficiaries will not

suffer additional costs by choosing Original Medicare and

will have a genuine choice between the public and private

program as a step towards increasing health care equity by:

(1) Eliminating the Original Medicare 20 percent copays and

setting an out-of-pocket cap on medical expenses;

(2) Adding benefits to Original Medicare such as dental,

vision, and hearing coverage as is permitted in private

Medicare Advantage plans;

(3) Eliminating the allowed excessive administrative costs

and profits in the Medicare Advantage programs; and

(4) Recouping funds for the Medicare trust fund from the

Medicare Advantage overpayments, fraud, and abuse that have

been documented in academic studies, congressional reports

and investigations by the department of health and human

services in order to support a robust Original Medicare

system that will lower costs and improve benefits, access,

and equity for all seniors and disabled beneficiaries.

Be it Resolved, That copies of this Memorial be immediately

transmitted to the Honorable Donald J. Trump, President of

the United States, the Secretary of the United States

Department of Health and Human Services, the President of the

United States Senate, the Speaker of the House of

Representatives, and each member from the State of

Washington.

POM-70. A concurrent resolution adopted by the Legislature

of the State of Texas urging the United States Congress to

amend the Internal Revenue Code to made spaceports eligible

for tax-exempt private activity bonds; to the Committee on

Finance.

House Concurrent Resolution No. 35

Whereas, Since the “space race” of the 1960s, Texas has

been at the forefront of space exploration, discovery, and

innovation, and the state is sure to play an instrumental

role in defining the next phase of American involvement in

space; and

Whereas, Texas is home to NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space

Center as well as more than 2,000 aerospace establishments;

during the 88th Session of the Texas Legislature, the Texas

Space Commission was established to strengthen the state's

leadership in aerospace activity, and the Texas Aerospace

Research and Space Economy Consortium was launched to serve

as a forum for higher education and industry experts seeking

to advance the state's role in space operations; and

Whereas, In 2023, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and

the Texas Economic Development Corporation recognized Texas

as a powerhouse in the rapidly expanding private

space sector; commercial investment in space transportation

has driven the need for spaceport sites, operating

environments, and infrastructure, and Texas ranks second in

the nation in the number of spaceport locations; and

Whereas, Tax-exempt private activity bonds currently

finance a wide range of facilities, including airports,

docks, and wharves, which, like spaceports, serve as hubs for

the transportation of people and freight; the qualification

of spaceports for tax-exempt private activity bonds would

encourage more investment in aerospace infrastructure,

benefiting both Texas and the nation as a whole; and

Whereas, The United States cannot afford to fall behind in

the highly competitive field of space operations, and making

spaceports eligible for tax-exempt private activity bands

would help to ensure that the nation maintains its leadership

in space commerce; Now, therefore, be it

Resolved, That the 89th Legislature of the State of Texas

hereby respectfully urge the United States Congress to amend

the Internal Revenue Code to make spaceports eligible for

tax-exempt private activity bonds; and, be it further

Resolved, That the Texas secretary of state forward

official copies of this resolution to the president of the

United States, to the president of the Senate and the speaker

of the House of Representatives of the United States

Congress, and to all the members of the Texas delegation to

Congress with the request that this resolution be entered in

the Congressional Record as a memorial to the Congress of the

United States of America.

POM-71. A concurrent resolution adopted by the Legislature

of the State of Iowa urging the members of Congress to amend

federal law to increase the maximum gross weight allowed for

motor vehicles operated on the interstate road system in Iowa

and bordering states; to the Committee on Commerce, Science,

and Transportation.

House Concurrent Resolution No. 6

Whereas, federal law imposes a uniform combined gross

weight limit of 80,000 pounds for vehicles operated on the

interstate road system, unless expressly exempted; and

Whereas, a number of exemptions to the weight limit are

provided on certain segments of the interstate road system,

including in Iowa and in states that border Iowa; and

Whereas, vehicles with six or more axles can safely and

efficiently handle loads exceeding 80,000 pounds while

complying with reasonable axle weight limits, as evidenced by

the 96,000 pound weight limit for commercial motor vehicles

with seven axles driven on primary highways that are not part

of the interstate road system in Iowa; and

Whereas, commercial motor vehicle drivers are

inconvenienced while navigating the interstate road system by

encountering different weight limits on different segments of

the same interstate road system within and across state

borders; and

Whereas, it is in the best Interest of Iowa and the states

that border Iowa to have the same vehicle weight limits on

the interstate road system across all states that border

Iowa; and

Whereas, it is also in the best interest of Iowa to

increase the payload capacity of commercial motor vehicles,

which may result in fewer vehicles on the interstate road

system and improve traffic flow; Now therefore, be it

Resolved by the House of Representatives, the Senate

concurring, That the General Assembly of the State of Iowa

urges Congress to amend federal law to authorize the federal

highway administration to raise the weight limit on the

interstate road system in Iowa and in the states that border

Iowa to 96,000 pounds for commercial motor vehicles with

seven axles; and be it further

Resolved, That copies of this resolution be distributed to

the President of the United States Senate, the Speaker of the

United States House of Representatives, and each member of

Iowa's congressional delegation.

POM-72. A concurrent resolution adopted by the Legislature

of the State of Iowa urging the United States Congress to

support efforts to recognize all United States troops who

served in Honduras from 1981 to 1992; to the Committee on

Armed Services.

House Resolution No. 103

Whereas, the House of Representatives believes military

members and veterans who serve or have served in hostile

environments should be recognized; and

Whereas, the United States military maintained a presence

in Honduras throughout and beyond the 1980s, providing

training to and conducting military exercises with the host

nation's mIlitary; and

Whereas, the buildup and presence of United States troops

served as a deterrent to Nicaraguan aggression in the region

and also a means of building up support for democratic values

via civil action in Honduran communities; and

Whereas, United States troops were equipped with live

ammunition and assisted the Honduran military in training and

combat support capacities; and

Whereas, United States troops reported experiencing hostile

fire and imminent danger; and

Whereas, at least one United States service member received

a Purple Heart for injuries sustained as a result of

terrorist activity while serving in Honduras in 1990; and

Whereas, United States troops lost their lives while

conducting various military duties while in Honduras due to

terrorist activity and other hazardous circumstances; Now

therefore, be it

Resolved by the House of Representatives, That the House of

Representatives calls upon the United States Congress to

support efforts to issue an Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal,

or similar recognition of having served in an area of

hostility, to all United States troops who served in Honduras

from 1981 to 1992; and be it further

Resolved, That the Chief Clerk of the House of

Representatives shall forward copies of this resolution to

the President of the United States Senate, the Speaker of the

United States House of Representatives, the Majority and

Minority Leaders of the United States Senate, the Majority

and Minority Leaders of the United States House of

Representatives, and to each member of the Iowa congressional

delegation.

POM-73. A resolution adopted by the House of

Representatives of the State of Hawaii endorsing Taiwan's

international participation, supporting the signing of a

United States-Taiwan bilateral trade agreement, and

commemorating the relationships and exchanges between the

state of Hawaii and Taiwan; to the Committee on Foreign

Relations.

House Resolution No. 115

Whereas, the United States and Taiwan are bonded by a

shared commitment to democracy, freedom, human rights, the

rule of law, and a free market economy; and

Whereas, to further support and reinforce trading

partnerships, the United States-Taiwan Initiative on 21st

Century Trade has reached an agreement to develop concrete

methods to deepen the economic and trade relationship of the

countries, advance mutual trade priorities based on shared

values, and promote innovative and inclusive economic growth

for workers and businesses, including through new trade

agreements; and

Whereas, in order to strengthen bilateral trade, the

government of Taiwan has expressed its desire to sign a

bilateral trade agreement, bilateral investment agreement,

and avoidance of double taxation agreement with the United

States; and

Whereas, Hawaii and Taiwan have had an established sister-

state relationship since 1993 that has developed an enduring

and mutually beneficiary friendship, exemplified by the

Taiwan government's generous $500,000 contribution to Hawaii

in the aftermath of the 2023 Maui wildfires; and

Whereas, in addition to the strong reciprocal trading

partnership, the State of Hawaii Office in Taipei and Taipei

Economic and Cultural Office in Honolulu have been working

together to promote substantial cooperation and exchanges in

areas of tourism, agriculture, culture, and education; and

Whereas, the United States-Taiwan Education Initiative was

launched in 2020 to strengthen cooperation on international

education and enhance Taiwan's role in providing Mandarin

Chinese language instruction; and

Whereas, given the designation of Mandarin Chinese as a

critical language and Taiwan plans to be bilingual by 2030,

schools and institutions of higher education in both Hawaii

and Taiwan have enhanced their exchanges, as exemplified by

the partnership between University of Hawaii and the National

Tsing Hua University; and

Whereas, for years, Taiwan has actively engaged in climate

change research, supported anti-terrorism cooperation, and

worked with its partners to tackle transnational crime; and

Whereas, Taiwan's meaningful participation in bodies such

as the World Health Organization, International Criminal

Police Organization, United Nations Framework Convention on

Climate Change, and International Civil Aviation Organization

would make international mechanisms truly global; and

Whereas, the United States has assisted Taiwan in

participating in the World Health Organization, International

Civil Aviation Organization, and International Criminal

Police Organization and will continue to support Taiwan's

meaningful participation in these and other international

organizations; now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the House of Representatives of the Thirty-

third Legislature of the State of Hawaii, Regular Session of

2025, That this body joins the United States to endorse the

participation of Taiwan as an observer in the United Nations

Framework Convention on Climate Change, International Civil

Aviation Organization, World Health Organization, and

International Criminal Police Organization; and be it further

Resolved, That this body supports the first agreement under

the United States-Taiwan Initiative on 21st Century Trade and

encourages the United States Trade Representative to commence

negotiations to enter into a bilateral trade agreement: with

Taiwan; and be it further

Resolved, That this body commemorates the State of Hawaii's

thirty-second anniversary of sister-state relations with

Taiwan and supports mutual beneficiary exchanges and

cooperation with Taiwan; and be it further

Resolved, That certified copies of this Resolution be

transmitted to the President of the Republic of China;

President of the United States; President of the United

States Senate; Speaker of the United States House of

Representatives; United States Secretary of State; members of

Hawaii's Congressional delegation; Governor; and Director of

Business, Economic Development, and Tourism.

POM-74. A joint resolution adopted by the Legislature of

the State of Nevada urging the United States Congress to

enact legislation to prohibit officers and agents of the

United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement in the

United States Department of Homeland Security from entering

schools and places of worship for the purposes of enforcing

federal immigration laws; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Assembly Joint Resolution No. 9

Whereas, All children in the United States are entitled to

equal access to a public elementary and secondary education,

regardless of their or their parents' actual or perceived

national origin, citizenship or immigration status; and

Whereas, Places of worship have historically been viewed as

sacred and protected spaces for persons who attend religious

services to exercise their religious beliefs and attend

religious services and offer various resources to support and

protect anyone in need; and

Whereas, Educational personnel and members of religious

organizations are often primary sources of support, resources

and information to assist and support students and persons

who attend religious services; and

Whereas, The activities of federal immigration law

enforcement agencies, on or around schools and places of

worship, including, without limitation, surveillance,

interviews, demands for information, arrests, detention or

any other federal immigration enforcement activities,

harmfully disrupt the learning and religious environments of

schools and places of worship and significantly interfere

with the ability of students and persons who attend religious

services, regardless of their immigration status, to access

free public education and places of worship; now, therefore,

be it

Resolved by the Assembly and Senate of the State of Nevada,

Jointly, That the members of the 83rd Session of the Nevada

Legislature hereby urge Congress to enact legislation to

prohibit officers and agents of the United States Immigration

and Customs Enforcement in the United States Department of

Homeland Security from entering schools and places of worship

for the purposes of upholding federal immigration laws; and

be it further

Resolved, That the Chief Clerk of the Assembly prepare and

transmit a copy of this resolution to the Vice President of

the United States as the presiding officer of the United

States Senate, the Speaker of the United States House of

Representatives and each member of the Nevada Congressional

Delegation; and be it further

Resolved, That this resolution becomes effective upon

passage.

POM-75. A joint resolution adopted by the Legislature of

the State of Nevada urging the federal government to maintain

the moratorium on the testing of explosive nuclear weapons;

to the Committee on Armed Services.

Assembly Joint Resolution No. 13

Whereas, The State of Nevada and its citizens have long

contributed to the national security of the United States by

hosting the Nevada National Security Site, formerly the

Nevada Test Site, where a total of 100 atmospheric tests and

828 underground tests were conducted; and

Whereas, After sustained advocacy by Nevadans, the era of

explosive nuclear testing in the United States ended in 1992

when a moratorium on underground nuclear testing was passed

by bipartisan majorities in the United States Congress and

signed into law by President George H. W. Bush, and the

moratorium has been voluntarily upheld by every president for

over 30 years; and

Whereas, Former national security officials and other

Washington-based research organizations have recently called

for renewed explosive nuclear testing which, if adopted,

would occur underground at the Nevada National Security Site

in Nye County, just 65 miles from Las Vegas, Nevada, and

would introduce environmental, health and economic risks to

all Nevadans; and

Whereas, When the Federal Government first selected the

Nevada Test Site for nuclear testing, an estimated 57,000

people lived in Clark County and the five nearby rural

counties, whereas today these counties are home to more than

2.3 million people; and

Whereas, Underground testing of explosive nuclear weapons

could inadvertently release radioactive material into the

air, as has happened in the past with at least 32 venting

accidents from underground tests at the Nevada Test Site,

including the 1970 Baneberry incident, which released a

significant amount of radioactive material across a

widespread area of the western United States and exposed 86

Nevada Test Site workers to high levels of radiation; and

Whereas, More than 32,000 “Downwinder” claims have been

filed as a result of atmospheric testing, and more than

27,000 claims have been filed under the Energy Employees

Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act by former

Nevada Test Site employees and contractors, demonstrating the

impact of nuclear testing on the health of Nevadans; and

Whereas, Exposure to radiation from resumed testing of

explosive nuclear weapons could result in negative chronic

health effects to the local population over time, including

cancer, heart disease, neurological disorders, autoimmune

disorders and thyroid disease; and

Whereas, Previous underground testing of explosive nuclear

weapons caused tremors in Las Vegas registering as high as

5.7 on the Richter scale, which rattled residents and

visitors, underscoring that resumed testing could pose

significant risks to the infrastructure, buildings and,

ultimately, economy of Nevada, including its tourism and real

estate industries; and

Whereas, Resumed explosive nuclear testing would further

contaminate local groundwater sources, as evidenced by the

environmental reports of the National Nuclear Security

Administration indicating radioactive materials in

groundwater from previous testing and the known effectiveness

of groundwater in dispersing radioactive contamination into

the surrounding environment; and

Whereas, There is no technical or military requirement to

resume nuclear testing, as the Directors of the Los Alamos,

Sandia and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories and the

Commander of United States Strategic Command, along with the

Secretaries of Defense and Energy, have annually affirmed the

safety, security, reliability and performance of nuclear

weapons for over 25 years and have consistently determined

there is no technical or military requirement to resume

testing; and

Whereas, No country other than North Korea has conducted an

explosive nuclear test this century, and 187 countries,

including the United States, every NATO and United States

Pacific ally, Russia and China, are signatories to the 1996

Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty; and

Whereas, Resumption of the testing of explosive nuclear

weapons would undermine the national security of the United

States by encouraging Russia, China and other countries to

resume the testing of nuclear weapons and improve their

nuclear arsenals; and

Whereas, The United States has extensive data from having

conducted more nuclear tests than any other country, which

fuels today's powerful science-based stockpile stewardship

program with cutting edge diagnostic, modeling and computing

capabilities that are second to none; and

Whereas, Polling conducted by the University of Maryland in

2024 found that more than two-thirds of Nevada Republicans

and Democrats favor continuing to abide by the moratorium on

nuclear testing; now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the Assembly and Senate of the State of Nevada,

Jointly, That the members of the 83rd Session of the Nevada

Legislature hereby urge the Federal Government to maintain

the moratorium on the testing of explosive nuclear weapons;

and be it further

Resolved, That the Chief Clerk of the Assembly prepare and

transmit a copy of this resolution to the President of the

United States, the Vice President of the United States as the

presiding officer of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of

Representatives, the United States Secretary of State, the

United States Secretary of Defense, the United States

Secretary of Energy, the Under Secretary for the National

Nuclear Security Administration and each member of the Nevada

Congressional Delegation; and be it further

Resolved, That this resolution becomes effective upon

passage.

POM-76. A resolution adopted by the House of

Representatives of the State of Michigan urging the United

States Congress to enact legislation that would reinstate the

Department of the Interior's prior removal of the gray wolf

from the endangered species list, thus allowing gray wolf

population management to be handled at the state level; to

the Committee on Environment and Public Works.

House Resolution No. 30

Whereas, Gray wolves were first classified as an endangered

species by the federal government in a first of its kind list

issued in 1967. Since this initial listing, gray wolves in

Michigan and elsewhere have been federally protected under a

variety of laws, including the Endangered Species Act of

1973; and

Whereas, Since its first listing, gray wolf populations

across the United States—and especially in Michigan—have

made a tremendous recovery and stand as a true success story

of the Endangered Species Act. As of 2020, gray wolf

populations across the United States have swelled to exceed

six thousand animals. Accordingly, gray wolves were delisted

by the United States Department of Interior that year, giving

authority over population management back to the states.

However, in 2022, a federal court overturned this delisting,

reclassifying gray wolves as an endangered species in 44

states, including Michigan, effectively revoking states'

management authority over these animals; and

Whereas, Michigan's thriving gray wolf population is

evidence that federal protection for these animals through

the Endangered Species Act listing is no longer necessary. In

its 2024 winter wolf survey, the Michigan Department of

Natural Resources (DNR) estimated that there were, at a

minimum, over seven-hundred and fifty gray wolves populating

the Upper Peninsula, an increase of over a hundred from the

DNR's 2022 survey. The growing wolf population in the Upper

Peninsula is estimated to be comprised of over one-hundred

and fifty wolf packs and, per the DNR's research, remains in

equilibrium with available habitat. By continuing to benefit

from federal protection

under the Endangered Species Act, which prohibits the killing

of these predators unless they pose a direct and immediate

threat, the gray wolf population may continue to swell and

consequently wreak havoc on an already severely declining

white-tail deer population in Michigan. Having exceeded

expectations, the gray wolf's recovery in Michigan should now

be managed at the state level by the expertise of our DNR;

now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the House of Representatives, That we urge the

United States Congress to enact legislation that would

reinstate the Department of Interior's prior removal of the

gray wolf from the endangered species list, thus allowing

gray wolf population management to be handled at the state

level; and be it further

Resolved, That copies of this resolution be transmitted to

That copies of this resolution be transmitted to the

President of the United States Senate, the Speaker of the

United States House of Representatives, and the members of

the Michigan congressional delegation.

POM-77. A resolution adopted by the Senate of the State of

Michigan urging the President of the United States and the

United States Congress to renew the African Growth and

Opportunity Act and expand the program to include other sub-

Saharan African countries; to the Committee on Foreign

Relations.

Senate Resolution No. 37

Whereas, The African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) was

enacted in May 2000 to provide eligible sub-Saharan African

countries with duty-free access to the United States market

for certain products. The program covers over 1,800 products

beyond those eligible for duty-free access under the

Generalized System of Preferences, a broader U.S. trade

preference program. To become and remain eligible for duty-

free access, countries must establish or make continual

progress toward establishing a market-based economy, the rule

of law, political pluralism, and the right to due process.

Eligible countries must also eliminate barriers to trade and

investment with the United States and enact policies to

reduce poverty, combat corruption, and protect human rights;

and

Whereas, A total of 49 countries are potentially eligible

for the AGOA trade preferences, but the number of

beneficiaries varies over time, as the President of the

United States reviews each country's eligibility on an annual

basis. The first designation of eligible countries was made

on October 2, 2000, by President Bill Clinton, and between

2001 and 2024, the number of eligible countries has ranged

from 31 to 41. In 2024, there were 32 AGOA-eligible

countries; and

Whereas, The AGOA has been amended multiple times to

clarify preferential treatment terms, to modify technical

standards, and, critically, to extend sunset provisions. The

program had an initial expiration date of September 2008, but

President George W. Bush signed the AGOA Acceleration Act of

2004 to extend the program's operation through September

In June 2015, President Barack Obama signed the Trade

Preferences Extension Act of 2015, thereby extending the

AGOA's validity to its current sunset date of September 2025;

and

Whereas, The United States continues to import significant

quantities of goods from AGOA-eligible countries. Total AGOA

imports were valued at 9.3 billion dollars in 2023 and 8.0

billion dollars in 2024. Crude oil accounted for a quarter of

these imports in 2024, with Nigeria alone supplying 1.6

billion dollars in crude oil to the United States. Major

categories of non-energy imports included passenger vehicles,

apparel, agricultural and food products, base metals, and

chemicals. South Africa remains our largest source of AGOA

imports, excluding crude oil; and

Whereas, The state of Michigan engaged in over a billion

dollars? worth of two-way trade with AGOA-eligible countries

in 2024. Our state imported nearly 440 million dollars in

goods from the 32 AGOA-eligible nations in 2024, and we

exported over 566 million dollars? worth of goods to those

countries. Michigan can and should continue to take advantage

of the economic growth promoted by the AGOA and create a two-

way pipeline of investment between our state and sub-Saharan

Africa; and

Whereas, The United States should renew the AGOA program

and expand it to include other sub-Saharan countries. The

AGOA has been a central pillar of our nation's trade and

relations with sub-Saharan Africa for decades, and we should

continue to use this program to foster development in the

region while simultaneously promoting U.S. interests.

Expanding economic and commercial regimes, leading to

stronger markets and more effective trading partners for the

state of Michigan; now, therefore be it

Resolved by the Senate, That we urge the President of the

United States and the United States Congress to renew the

African Growth and Opportunity Act and expand the program to

include other sub-Saharan African counuies; and be it further

Resolved, That copies of this resolution be transmitted to

the President of the United States, the President of the

United States Senate, the Speaker of the United States House

of Representatives, and the members of the Michigan

congressional delegation.

POM-78. A resolution adopted by the Senate of the State of

Michigan condemning the attack on the United States Capitol

on January 6, 2021, including the assault on the courageous

members of the Capitol Police, and denouncing the use of

presidential pardon power to absolve those who participated

in the dangerous and anti-democratic riots; to the Committee

on the Judiciary.

Senate Resolution No. 6

Whereas, On January 6, 2021, a violent mob overwhelmed

Capitol Police and breached the United States Capitol

Building, disrupting the peaceful transfer of power; and

Whereas, This attack on the United States Capitol resulted

in traumatic injuries to approximately 140 law enforcement

officers; and

Whereas, This violent insurrection was not only an attack

on the United States Capitol Building, but on the rule of

law, the values of American democracy, and the Constitution,

which are the bedrocks of the American Republic; and

Whereas, The United States Capitol Police, alongside other

law enforcement agencies, displayed extraordinary courage,

professionalism, and commitment to their duties in the face

of overwhelming danger while defending our nation's capital,

protecting members of Congress, and ensuring the safety of

those within the Capitol Building; and

Whereas, The Capitol Police, many of whom faced physical

harm, acted with valor to prevent further escalation of

violence, and suffered life-altering injuries in the course

of their duties; and

Whereas, On January 20th, 2025, President Trump's pardoning

of, or commutation of sentences for, 1,500 criminals involved

in the violent insurrection is an act of betrayal to the

brave law enforcement officers who put their lives on the

line on January 6, 2021, as well as to the citizens of the

United States; and

Whereas, Among the 1,500 criminals pardoned by President

Trump, 169 of them were found guilty of assaulting police

officers, including one who assaulted Metropolitan Police

Department Officer Noah Rathbun with a flagpole, another who

jammed a stun gun into the neck of Washington Police Officer

Michael Fanone multiple times, and another who sprayed

multiple officers with bear spray; and

Whereas, The International Association of Chiefs of Police

and the Fraternal Order of Police jointly condemned these

presidential pardons and commutations, stating that “crimes

against law enforcement are not just attacks on individuals

or public safety—they are attacked on society and undermine

the rule of law” and that when perpetrators of violent crime

against law enforcement are not held accountable, it

emboldens others to commit similar acts of violence; now,

therefore, be it

Resolved by the Senate, That we condemn the attack on the

United States Capitol on January 6, 2021, including the

assault on the courageous members of the Capitol Police, and

denounce the use of presidential pardon power to absolve

those who participated in the dangerous and anti-democratic

riots; and be it further

Resolved, That copies of this resolution be transmitted to

the President of the United States, the President Pro Tempore

of the United States Senate, the Speaker of the United States

House of Representatives, and the members of the Michigan

congressional delegation.

POM-79. A resolution adopted by the Senate of the State of

Michigan condemning the administration and congressional

Republican's support of the divisive “One Big Beautiful Bill

Act” that raises costs for Michiganders, slashes Medicaid,

the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), and the

Women, Infants and Children Program (WIC), adds burdensome

hurdles to important tax relief measures for low-income

households, drives more families into poverty by giving tax

cuts to the most wealthy households, and sets back progress

on a clean energy future while increasing energy costs on

Americans; to the Committee on Finance.

Senate Resolution No. 64

Whereas, The Trump Administration's budget reconciliation

bill, House Resolution 1, named the “One Big Beautiful Bill

Act,” is a raw deal for the citizens of the United States

(U.S.) and Michigan by cutting programs that millions of

citizens rely on and gives tax breaks to multi-millionaires

and billionaires; and

Whereas, President Trump and congressional Republicans have

campaigned for the past 10 years on concerns regarding the

national debt but are preparing to add $2.8 trillion

additional debt to the U.S. over the next 10 years, which

represents an economic and national security threat to our

citizens and will burden our children and grandchildren with

this debt; and

Whereas, President Trump's “One Big Beautiful Bill Act”

will significantly increase the financial burden on working-

and middle-class Americans by eliminating or reducing basic

needs programs; and

Whereas, The bill proposes deep systematic cuts to

Medicaid, jeopardizing healthcare access for millions of low-

income families, seniors, children, and individuals with

disabilities; and

Whereas, Medicaid covers one in four Michiganders, with 2.6

million Michiganders receiving access to healthcare each

month through Medicaid, including one million children

(Medicaid covers 45 percent of all

Michigan births), 300,000 people living with disabilities,

168,000 seniors, and 750,000 adults in the Healthy Michigan

Plan; and

Whereas, Medicaid is the largest health insurance program

in the U.S. and restricting access to this vital lifeline

will negatively impact the access of millions of citizens to

healthcare as hospitals will be forced to reduce staffing,

eliminate services, and close their doors, with rural

hospitals, often the largest employers, taking the hardest

hit; and

Whereas, President Trump's legislation slashes funding for

SNAP, taking away food from over 1.4 million Michiganders (15

percent of our state's population), and forcing food

insecurity on vulnerable households, including children,

veterans, and the elderly, and

Whereas, Cuts to Medicaid, SNAP, and WIC, as proposed by

the Trump Administration and congressional Republicans, will

create an estimated $2 billion hole in Michigan's budget; and

Whereas, This bill takes the money cut from Medicaid, SNAP,

and WIC and gives it to wealthy individuals and large

corporations through tax cuts, by extending the 2017 tax cuts

that resulted in benefits to the wealthiest 10 percent and

rising costs for the bottom 90 percent from President Trump's

tariffs and slashing of basic needs programs; and

Whereas, The bill increases the Child Tax Credit only for

the wealthiest of families and leaves 20 million children in

working families with no additional benefit and receiving

less (or no) health care or food support, pushing more

families (especially those with children) into poverty;

Whereas, Millions of families that rely on the Earned

Income Tax Credit will now have additional burdensome hurdles

to receiving their benefits, hindering and stifling families

from rising out of poverty; and

Whereas, The legislation seeks to eliminate or scale back

resources for clean energy projects, undermining climate

goals, exacerbating the effects of climate change, stifling

innovation, and threatening progress toward a sustainable and

environmentally secure future; and

Whereas, An independent analysis estimates that the

congressional Republicans' bill will raise the cost of energy

prices for households and businesses by nearly seven percent

by 2026, equating to approximately $110 for the average

American household, nearly canceling out any benefit for

working class families; now, therefore be it

Resolved by the Senate, That the members of this

legislative body condemn the Trump Administration and

congressional Republican's support of the divisive “One Big

Beautiful Bill Act” that raises costs for Michiganders,

slashes Medicaid, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance

Program (SNAP), and the Women Infants and Children program

(WIC), adds burdensome hurdles to important tax relief

measures for low-income households, drives more families into

poverty by giving tax cuts to the most wealthy households,

and sets back progress on a clean energy future while

increasing energy costs on Americans; and be it further

Resolved, That we urge members of Congress to reject this

legislation in its entirety, and to instead pursue policies

that fully fund Medicaid, SNAP and WIC, protect vulnerable

communities, and expand access to healthcare, promote clean

energy, and ensure a fair equitable tax system for all

Americans; and be it further

Resolved, That copies of this resolution be transmitted to

the President of the United States, the President of the

United States Senate, and the Speaker of the United States

House of Representatives, and the members of the Michigan

congressional delegation.

POM-80. A resolution adopted by the Legislature of the

State of Nebraska urging the President of the United States

and members of the United States Congress to make permanent

changes to the Child and Adult Food Programs to reimburse all

participating family day care homes at Tier 1 rates and

provide additional reimbursements for each meal and

supplement provided; to the Committee on Agriculture,

Nutrition, and Forestry.

Legislative Resolution 296

Whereas, the Legislature recognizes that adequate nutrition

for Nebraska's youngest children is vital for their healthy

development and eating habits which provides a foundation for

better academic performance and success later in life; and

Whereas, the Legislature recognizes that young children in

low-income households are especially at risk of inadequate

nutrition, harm to their development, and adverse outcomes;

and

Whereas, high quality early care and education programs in

Nebraska play an essential role in contributing to the

healthy development of the young children served by the

federal Child and Adult Care Food Program through proper

nutrition; and

Whereas, early care and education programs in Nebraska

operate on thin margins, facing persistent financial strain

while trying to serve Nebraska's low-income children without

the ability to charge for the true cost of care or receive

adequate reimbursement from the child care subsidy program;

and

Whereas, the federal Child and Adult Care Food Program

funds that Nebraska receives plays an essential role in

giving the one thousand two hundred eighty-three

participating early care and education programs the ability

to provide high quality nutrition to a daily average of

twenty-three thousand six hundred ninety-five Nebraska

children; and

Whereas, the President of the United States and the United

States Congress passed the Keep Kids Fed Act of 2022 on June

25, 2022, whereby Tier II family day care homes participating

in the Child and Adult Care Food Program received

reimbursement at the higher Tier I rates and additional

reimbursements in the amount of ten cents for each meal and

supplement provided pursuant to the Act; and

Whereas, the Keep Kids Fed Act of 2022 expired on June 30,

2023; and

Whereas, young children in low-income households are at

risk of losing access to healthy, well-balanced nutrition

provided by the Child and Adult Care Food Program unless the

United States Congress and President of the United States act

to permanently implement the aforementioned changes made by

the Keep Kids Fed Act of 2022 for the next federal fiscal

year beginning on October 1, 2026; now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the members of the One Hundred Ninth

Legislature of Nebraska, Second Session:

That the Legislature urges the President of the United

States and members of the United States Congress to make

permanent changes to the Child and Adult Food Programs to

reimburse all participating family day care homes at Tier 1

rates and provide additional reimbursements for each meal and

supplement provided.

That copies of this resolution be delivered to the

President of the United States, the Speaker of the United

States House of Representatives, the President of the United

States Senate, and each member of the Nebraska Congressional

delegation.

POM-81. A resolution adopted by the House of

Representatives of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana

Islands respectfully urging the National Oceanic and

Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to ensure meaningful and

equitable involvement of the Northern Marianas Descent (NMD)

persons, and recognition of the Northern Mariana Islands'

traditional knowledge, stewardship, and proprietary rights in

all current and future activities related to ocean

exploration, marine research, data ownership, and

commercialization of marine resources in the Mariana Trench

and surrounding waters; to the Committee on Commerce,

Science, and Transportation.

House Resolution No. 24-11

Whereas, the Uraali Refaluwasch Association (URA), a

registered nonprofit organization (CNMI Business License No.

27006), has submitted a position paper to NOAA articulating

critical concerns regarding ocean exploration within the

Mariana Trench and adjacent marine environments; and

Whereas, the people of the Commonwealth of the Northern

Mariana Islands (CNMI), particularly those of Northern

Marianas Descent (NMD), possess a deep cultural, historical,

and spiritual connection to the surrounding ocean, which

forms an integral part of their identity and way of life; and

Whereas, the CNMI, as a U.S. territory with a unique

political status under Public Law 94-241, maintains a right

to exercise self-government and to protect its natural and

cultural resources from exploitation or exclusion from

national scientific and economic benefits; and

Whereas, the URA's position paper emphasizes the need for

NOAA and related federal agencies to integrate Indigenous

knowledge systems, promote local leadership and capacity

building, and ensure equitable benefit-sharing of data and

any commercial applications that emerge from exploration

activities; and

Whereas, the CNMI has a growing body of local experts,

researchers, and traditional practitioners whose

contributions can enrich and guide NOAA's efforts in the

region; and

Whereas, failure to involve NMD communities in the

research, data access, and decision-making processes

constitutes not only a scientific oversight, but also a

violation of ethical standards for community engagement and

self-determination; and now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the House of Representatives of the Twenty-

Fourth Northern Marianas Commonwealth Legislature, That it

hereby expresses its strong support for the recommendations

made by the Uraali Refaluwasch Association to the National

Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and urges NOAA

to adopt and implement those recommendations in full,

including:

(a) formal recognition of Northern Marianas Descent (NMD)

proprietary rights in marine data collected within CNMI

waters;

(b) co-management of Mariana Trench exploration efforts

with the CNMI Government and Indigenous organizations; and

marine research, planning, and resource utilization; and be

it further

Resolved, That the House of Representatives specifically

calls upon NOAA to enter into a formal memorandum of

understanding (MOU) with the CNMI Government and recognized

Indigenous organizations, including the Uraali Refaluwasch

Association, for the purpose of:

(a) jointly developing all future ocean exploration and

marine research protocols to be conducted in CNMI waters;

(b) mandating the inclusion of qualified NMD subject-matter

experts in all NOAA-supported field activities and scientific

teams; and

intellectual property protection, and equitable benefit-

sharing for any commercial or scientific outcomes resulting

from activities in CNMI water's; and be it further

Resolved, That the House of Representatives requests NOAA

to issue a formal public commitment to:

(a) recognize and incorporate traditional Chamorro and

Carolinian stewardship practices in its operational planning

and research efforts;

(b) prioritize the hiring and training of CNMI residents

for all NOAA affiliated initiatives conducted in the region;

and

waters is locally archived, fully accessible to the CNMI

Government, and not transferred or shared with third parties

without prior consultation and consent from the CNMI

Government and affected Indigenous stakeholders; and be it

further

Resolved, That the Speaker of the House of Representatives

shall certify, and the House Clerk shall attest to the

adoption of this resolution and thereafter the House Clerk

shall transmit a certified copy to the Honorable Arnold I.

Palacios, Governor of the Commonwealth of the Northern

Mariana Islands; the Honorable Kimberlyn King-Hinds, Delegate

to the United States House of Representatives; the Honorable

J.D. Vance, Vice President of the United States and President

of the U.S. Senate; the Honorable Mike Johnson, Speaker of

the U.S. House of Representatives; the Honorable Laura Grimm,

Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration; the CNMI Indigenous Affairs Office; the

Carolinian Affairs Office; and Carmelita “Millie”

Rabauliman-Faisao, President of the Uraali Refaluwasch

Association.

POM-82. A joint resolution adopted by the General Assembly

of the State of Tennessee expressing its support for the

Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act pending in the

119th U.S. Congress and urging passage of this landmark

legislation that will protect the Second Amendment rights of

Tennessee's law-abiding citizens; to the Committee on the

Judiciary.

Senate Joint Resolution No. 28

Whereas, the Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act

(H.R. 38) has been introduced in the 119th U.S. Congress with

more than 120 co-sponsors; and

Whereas, this bipartisan legislation would provide

nationwide reciprocity for concealed carry license holders

and for residents of Constitutional Carry states; and

Whereas, the Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act

allows an individual with a state-issued concealed carry

license or permit to conceal a handgun in any other state and

also allows a resident of a Constitutional Carry state to

carry in other states; and

Whereas, as the sponsors of the legislation have noted, the

fundamental right to bear arms and defend oneself should not

be determined by the state in which one lives, nor do an

American citizen's Second Amendment rights disappear when he

or she crosses a state line; and

Whereas, to protect these fundamental rights, the

Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act will protect

law-abiding citizens' rights to conceal carry and travel

freely between states without worrying about conflicting

state codes or onerous civil lawsuits; and

Whereas, currently, all fifty states issue concealed carry

permits, forty-nine states allow nonresident carry, and

twenty-nine states have Constitutional Carry; thus, it makes

common sense for Congress to ensure that each state's

concealed carry permit or license is valid in every other and

state; and

Whereas, the Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act

is supported by many major pro-Second Amendment

organizations; and

Whereas, the Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act

passed the U.S. House of Representatives in 2017 with

bipartisan support; and

Whereas, President Donald Trump has committed to signing

national concealed carry reciprocity legislation into law;

now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the Senate of the One Hundred Fourteenth

General Assembly of the State of Tennessee, the House of

Representatives concurring, That this General Assembly

expresses its support for the Constitutional Concealed Carry

Reciprocity Act pending in the 119th U.S. Congress and urge

passage of this landmark legislation that will protect the

Second Amendment rights of Tennessee's law-abiding citizens.

Be it further

Resolved, That a certified copy of this resolution be

transmitted to the President and the Secretary of the U.S.

Senate, the Speaker and the Clerk of the U.S. House of

Representatives, and each member of Tennessee's delegation to

the U.S. Congress.

POM-83. A joint resolution adopted by the Legislature of

the State of Wyoming requesting the United States Congress to

introduce a bill and enact law to amend Wyoming's act of

admission to authorize the expenditure of earnings for the

support of the common schools in Wyoming; to the Committee on

Energy and Natural Resources.

House Joint Resolution No. 1

Whereas, on July 10, 1890, the United States Congress

enacted the Act of Admission that admitted Wyoming as a state

in the United States of America; and

Whereas, the Act of Admission granted the state of Wyoming

two (2) sections of land in every township for the support of

common schools; and

Whereas, the Act of Admission specified that any proceeds

from the disposition of granted school lands were to

constitute a permanent school fund, “the interest of which

only shall be expended in the support of said schools”; and

Whereas, the Act of Admission specified that a percentage

of the proceeds of the sales of federal public lands in

Wyoming were to constitute a permanent fund, “the interest

of which only shall be expended for the support of the common

schools” in Wyoming; and

Whereas, the Act of Admission specified that certain

previously granted lands constituted a permanent fund, with

the interest and income to be used for university purposes;

and

Whereas, the state created the common school account within

the permanent land fund in accordance with the requirements

of the Act of Admission and Article 7, Section 2 of the

Wyoming Constitution; and

Whereas, the common school account within the permanent

land fund has grown over the years and has been invested to

where the current value of the fund exceeds five billion six

hundred million dollars ($5,600,000,000.00); and

Whereas, the investment of the funds in the common school

account generates earnings and capital gains that are in

addition to interest and income generated from the funds; and

Whereas, an amendment to Wyoming's Act of Admission that

would replace references to “interest” and “income” with

references to “earnings” will better reflect; the reality

of how the common school account is invested and will allow

the earnings that are generated from the investment of the

permanent funds of the common school account to be better and

more efficiently applied for the benefit of Wyoming's public

schools. Now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the Members of the Legislature of the State of

Wyoming:

Section 1. That the Wyoming Legislature requests that

members of Wyoming's congressional delegation introduce, and

that Congress enact, legislation that will amend Wyoming's

Act of Admission to strike references to “interest” in

sections 5 and 7 of the Act of Admission and to insert

references to “earnings” and to strike the reference to

“income” in section 8 and insert a reference to

“earnings.”

Section 2. That members of Wyoming's congressional

delegation and Congress consider introducing legislation that

makes the following changes to sections 5, 7 and 8 of the Act

of Admission as follows:

Section 5.

All lands herein granted for educational purposes shall be

disposed of only at public sale, the proceeds to constitute a

permanent school fund, the earnings of which only shall be

expended in the support of said schools. But said lands may,

under such regulations as the legislature shall prescribe, be

leased for mineral, grazing, agricultural, or other purposes,

provided that the term of agricultural and grazing leases

shall not exceed 10 years; and such land shall not be subject

to preemption, homestead entry, or any other entry under the

land laws of the United States, whether surveyed or

unsurveyed, but shall be reserved for school purposes only.

Section 7.

Five percent of the proceeds of the sales of public lands

lying within said state which shall be sold by the United

States subsequent to the admission of said state into the

union, after deducting all the expenses incident to the same,

shall be paid to the said state, to be used as a permanent

fund, the earnings of which only shall be expended for the

support of the common schools within said state.

Section 8.

The lands granted to the Territory of Wyoming by the act of

February 18, 1881, entitled “An act to grant lands to

Dakota, Montana, Arizona, Idaho and Wyoming, for university

purposes,” are hereby vested in the State of Wyoming, to the

extent of the full quantity of 72 sections to said state, and

any portion of said lands that may not have been selected by

said Territory of Wyoming may be selected by the said state;

but said act of February 18, 1881, shall be so amended as to

provide that none of said lands shall be sold for less than

$10 per acre, and the proceeds shall constitute a permanent

fund to be safely invested and held by said state, and the

income earnings thereof be used exclusively for university

purposes. The schools, colleges, and universities provided

for in this act shall forever remain under exclusive control

of said state, and no part of the proceeds arising from the

sale or disposal of any lands herein granted for educational

purposes shall be used for the support of any sectarian or

denominational school, college, or university. The section of

land granted by the act of May 28, 1888, to the Territory of

Wyoming for a fish hatchery and other public purposes shall,

upon the admission of said State of Wyoming into the union,

become the property of said state.

Section 3. That the Secretary of State of Wyoming transmit

copies of this resolution to the President of the United

States, to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the

House of Representatives of the United

States Congress, the governor, the state treasurer and to

each member of the Wyoming Congressional Delegation.

POM-84. A joint resolution adopted by the Legislature of

the State of Wyoming commemorating the 100th anniversary of

Nellie Tayloe Ross becoming the first woman to hold the

office of governor in the United States; to the Committee on

the Judiciary.

Senate Joint Resolution No. 1

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross was born on November 25, 1876,

in St. Joseph, Missouri; and

Whereas, after being raised in the great plains and

midwest, Nellie Tayloe Ross came to Cheyenne, Wyoming, and

married William B. Ross, a lawyer and aspiring politician;

and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross was described as gracious,

funny, smart and strongly loyal to her friends and family;

and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross became the first lady of

Wyoming in 1922 after her husband, Williams B. Ross, was

elected governor; and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross was relied upon by her husband,

who consulted her daily on political life; and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross was asked to run for governor

by the state party chairman after Governor William B. Ross

died on October 2, 1924; and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross, who had political ambitions,

was advised not to run for the office of governor by friends

and family but nonetheless accepted her party's nomination on

October 14, 1924; and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross won the special election for

governor on November 4, 1924, with fifty-five and twelve-

hundredths percent (55.12%) of the votes; and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross assumed office as the first

woman governor in the United States on January 5, 1925,

tackling hardships throughout the state, including drought,

farm and ranch failures and bank failures; and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross served as governor for one (1)

term, but her remarkable political career did not end once

she left the governor's office; and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross once again made history in May

1933 when she became the first woman to hold the position of

director of the United States mint; and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross served as director of the

United States mint through the Great Depression, World War II

and the Korean War and is the longest-serving United States

mint director in history; and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross retired from the United States

mint in April 1953 and lived a prosperous life until her

death at age one hundred one (101) on December 20, 1977; and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross remains the only woman to have

served as governor of Wyoming and one (1) of seven (7) women

to serve as director of the United States mint; and

Whereas, Wyoming is the Equality State and has been home to

many historical achievements by women; and

Whereas, Nellie Tayloe Ross continues to be an inspiration

to many people across Wyoming and the United States; and

Whereas, January 5, 2025, marked the one-hundredth (100th)

anniversary of Nellie Tayloe Ross' historic inauguration;

now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the members of the Legislature of the State of

Wyoming:

Section 1. That the State of Wyoming recognizes and

commemorates the life and achievements of Nellie Tayloe Ross

on this momentous anniversary.

Section 2 . That the Secretary of State of Wyoming transmit

copies of this resolution to the president of the United

States, to the president of the senate and speaker of the

house of representatives of the United States congress and to

the Wyoming congressional delegation.

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The following petitions and memorials were laid before the Senate and

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