Adds a new federal capital-punishment aggravating factor for murders committed for an "ideological motive," defining that motive to mean targeting a victim because of their political or religious beliefs or committing the crime to make a political or religious statement. It also directs the U.S. Sentencing Commission to revise the federal Sentencing Guidelines to match this new aggravating factor.

The change makes it more likely that prosecutors can seek the death penalty in federal cases where the crime is found to have an ideological purpose, and it requires the guideline advisory body to update sentencing guidance to reflect the change.