Authorizes $25.50754 billion for NASA in FY2025 and sets policy priorities across human exploration, low-Earth orbit commercialization, space technology, aeronautics research, science missions, STEM workforce development, and agency oversight. It directs NASA to continue Artemis and Moon-to-Mars preparations, transition low-Earth orbit operations to commercial providers while maintaining a continuous U.S. presence, support commercial space station development, advance aeronautics and space-science programs, and improve contracting, cost estimating, and China-related safeguards.

The Act requires multiple studies, briefings, and reports to Congress on program plans, procurement timelines, and risk/cost management; modifies some Small Business Act/SBIR provisions; funds Space Grant and workforce outreach reforms; and includes a few targeted authorizations such as reimbursing a Virginia locality for drinking-well planning and permitting limited reimbursements and post-flight medical transport for astronauts. It also affirms continued support for the Space Launch System and related flight-rate commitments.