Who is affected and how:

• People at risk of overdose and people with substance use disorders: Expanded prevention, treatment, and recovery funding and program changes aim to increase access to services, expand peer support, and improve overdose-prevention measures. Changes to controlled‑substance delivery and medication-access reviews (e.g., buprenorphine) may affect timely access to medication‑assisted treatment.

• Behavioral health and treatment workforce (clinicians, peer supporters, program administrators): New technical assistance, a regional peer-support center, evaluation requirements, and revised training language will require workforce development, participation in training, and compliance with updated program rules. Funding changes may create new grant opportunities and administrative reporting duties.

• Mental‑health and recovery service providers, community organizations, and clinics (including crisis lifeline operators): Grant rule changes (including limited transportation allowances), reporting, and program evaluation requirements will change how these providers plan budgets, document services, and participate in federal programs.

• Pharmacies and prescribing practitioners: The pharmacy delivery rule expands permitted delivery recipients for particular Schedules (III–V) in limited cases; pharmacies and practitioners will need to adopt procedures and ensure regulatory compliance.

• Federal agencies (HHS, FDA, DEA and component offices such as SAMHSA): Must carry out new duties — issuing guidance, performing reviews and studies, administering restructured grant programs, tracking new reporting metrics, and reporting to Congress within statutory timelines. This will increase agency workload and require coordination across program offices.

• Researchers and evaluators: New mandated studies, program evaluations, and data-reporting requirements create opportunities and obligations for academic and contractor evaluation work.

Overall, the bill changes program authorizations and administrative rules rather than imposing broad new direct costs on states; it mainly affects federal agencies, service providers, the behavioral‑health workforce, pharmacies, and people seeking or delivering SUD and mental‑health services.