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Introduced June 24, 2025 by Chellie Pingree · Last progress June 24, 2025
The bill improves transparency in organic dairy markets—helping farmers, buyers, and policymakers with monthly, regional cost and price data—while imposing modest USDA costs and potential reporting burdens and confidentiality risks for some small producers.
Organic dairy farmers (particularly regional and small producers) receive monthly, state- and region-level data on payments, feed and milk prices, and production costs, improving price transparency, business planning, and helping reduce price volatility.
Milk buyers, processors, retailers and consumers gain clearer published organic feed and milk price data that helps them understand price drivers and negotiate fairer contracts.
State governments, federal policymakers and researchers get granular organic cost-of-production data to design targeted support, programs, or research tailored to regional needs.
Smaller organic producers may face added time and financial burdens to participate in surveys or comply with reporting requirements, which could be onerous relative to their margins.
Publication of detailed cost and payment data could reveal sensitive business information for some producers, potentially harming competitive positions or bargaining leverage.
Implementing new surveys and monthly reports will increase USDA administrative costs, which may require reallocation of agency resources or additional funding from taxpayers.
Based on analysis of 2 sections of legislative text.
Directs USDA to collect and publish monthly and periodic cost, payment, and price data for organic milk and major organic feedstuffs with regional and state detail.
Requires the USDA to collect and publish detailed cost-of-production and price data for organic milk and major organic feedstuffs. The Secretary must set up an "Organic All Milk Prices Survey" within 90 days to report monthly payments to organic dairy farmers and prices for organic milk cows, with national data and at least six regional breakdowns. Within 180 days the USDA must publish new or expanded periodic reports that provide state-level organic cost-of-production, regional organic milk quantities, region-specific organic mailbox prices for the top producing regions, and major organic feedstuff prices using NASS, ERS, or AMS data. The law focuses on improving data transparency and comparability between organic and conventional milk markets; it directs USDA agencies to collect and report these data but does not appropriate funds or change taxes. Timelines for initial surveys and reports are specified (90 and 180 days from enactment).