Creates a Tropical Plant Health Initiative to fund research and extension grants that prevent, detect, and manage pests, weeds, and other threats to tropical crops. Grants would support development of diagnostic and decision-support tools, areawide integrated pest management, plant health surveys, biological and genomic research, and studies of plant immune responses; a range of tropical crops (e.g., coffee, cacao, banana, coconut, mango, papaya) are explicitly cited. The text also replaces the law’s appropriations subsection, indicating a change to how the program is funded or authorized, though the replacement language is not shown in the excerpt.