Congress.wikiCongress.wiki
Congress
MapWatchScheduleDaily RecordMembersCommitteesLegislationNominations
Money & Oversight
MoneyOffice SpendingSubpoenasHouse EthicsForeign InfluenceSpecial Rules
Executive & Law
AgenciesRegulationsUS Code
Search⌘K
Congress
MapWatchScheduleDaily RecordMembersCommitteesLegislationNominations
Money & Oversight
MoneyOffice SpendingSubpoenasHouse EthicsForeign InfluenceSpecial Rules
Executive & Law
AgenciesRegulationsUS Code

Want me to explain this in plain English?

U.S. Code/Title 28/§ 451

Title 28

28

Title overviewSearch titleAll titles
28 U.S.C. § 451.Chapter 21

§ 451

Definitions

Title 28
2 min read

Need the full chapter outline? Open Chapter 21 to browse every section without loading the entire chapter explorer on this page.

Back to Chapter 21Next: § 452

As used in this title:

The term “court of the United States” includes the Supreme Court of the United States, courts of appeals, district courts constituted by chapter 5 of this title, including the Court of International Trade and any court created by Act of Congress the judges of which are entitled to hold office during good behavior.

The terms “district court” and “district court of the United States” mean the courts constituted by chapter 5 of this title.

The term “judge of the United States” includes judges of the courts of appeals, district courts, Court of International Trade and any court created by Act of Congress, the judges of which are entitled to hold office during good behavior.

The term “justice of the United States” includes the Chief Justice of the United States and the associate justices of the Supreme Court.

The terms “district” and “judicial district” means the districts enumerated in Chapter 5 of this title.

The term “department” means one of the executive departments enumerated in , unless the context shows that such term was intended to describe the executive, legislative, or judicial branches of the government.section 1 of Title 5

The term “agency” includes any department, independent establishment, commission, administration, authority, board or bureau of the United States or any corporation in which the United States has a proprietary interest, unless the context shows that such term was intended to be used in a more limited sense.

Related Legislation

(3 bills)

Bills that would modify or reference this section of law.

HR-3877

Washington, D.C. Residents Voting Act

H. Morgan Griffith

Virginia representative

  1. house
  2. senate
  3. president
6/10/2025
HR-51

Washington, D.C. Admission Act

Eleanor Holmes Norton

District of Columbia delegate

  1. house
  2. senate
  3. president
1/3/2025
S-51

Washington, D.C. Admission Act

Christopher Van Hollen

Maryland senator

  1. senate
  2. house
  3. president
1/9/2025

Release: pl-119-111 (2026-09-18)

§ 452

Get a weekly summary of what Congress did, delivered every Sunday.

  • About
  • How Congress Works
  • Quiz
  • Congress Wrapped
  • Pricing
  • Roadmap
  • Health
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service
WhiteHouse.wiki•SCOTUS.wiki
Congress.wiki Alpha
Support Us

This is not an official government website.

© 2026 PLEJ LC. All rights reserved.