Directs the Department of Energy and the Department of Agriculture to run joint, coordinated research and development activities that advance both agencies’ mission priorities. It requires an interagency agreement, a competitive merit‑review process for selecting projects, and a wide set of permitted research areas (for example: AI/data, biofuels, grid modernization, and wildfire risk). The agencies may use reimbursable and other collaborative arrangements and must submit a joint report to congressional committees within two years. Activities must follow existing federal research‑security rules.