FARMER Act of 2025

This bill changes crop insurance to lower costs for many farmers. If a farmer picks an individual revenue or yield plan and uses enterprise units or whole-farm units, the government would pay more of the premium: 77% at one coverage level and 68% at another, which should make these options more affordable . It also tweaks the rules for the “supplemental coverage option” (SCO), adjusting its coverage level and the subsidy that helps pay for it, though the exact new numbers aren’t listed in the text provided .

The bill orders a study on whether SCO can work at a size smaller than a big county (over 1,400 square miles) but still larger than an individual farm. A report with results and recommendations is due within one year of the law taking effect .

• Who is affected: Farmers using crop insurance, especially those choosing enterprise or whole-farm units; communities in very large counties may see future changes to SCO coverage options .
• What changes now: Higher government premium support (77% and 68%) for certain plans; adjustments to SCO coverage and subsidy (details not specified in the text) .
• What’s next: A required study on SCO sizing, with a report due within one year after enactment .