This bill would give states grant money to set up and keep strong gun licensing systems. People would need a license to buy or own a gun or to buy ammunition, and first-time applicants would have to take safety training. Police departments would run the licensing process, do thorough background checks, and decide if someone is suitable. States would set rules for when someone is barred from getting a license, considering things like criminal history, danger to self or others, domestic violence orders, age, and other safety factors . To curb illegal sales, anyone selling over a small number of guns in a year would need a dealer license (the state sets the number, but it can’t be higher than 10), and dealers would have to keep records, verify buyers’ licenses, report sales, and check employees. Lost or stolen guns or ammo would have to be reported. Guns must be stored locked when not under the owner’s control. License decisions cannot be based on race, religion, sex, sexual orientation, or gender identity, and people can ask a court to review a denial. If someone’s license is revoked or they are under an extreme risk or domestic violence order, they must surrender their guns and ammo .

States could apply for three-year grants to build or maintain these systems. They must report each year on how the funds are used, and return any unused money. The bill authorizes whatever funding is needed to carry this out .

Key points

• Who is affected: Gun owners and buyers, ammo buyers, gun dealers, and state and local police agencies running licensing programs .
• What changes: Licenses required to buy and possess guns and ammo; dealer licensing and record-keeping; license checks before sales; background checks and safety training; safe storage; processes for surrender during risk or protection orders; anti-discrimination and court review .
• When: States can apply for grants lasting three fiscal years; ongoing rules apply as states implement or maintain programs with the grant funds .