Protecting American Agriculture from Foreign Adversaries Act of 2025

This bill aims to protect U.S. agriculture from risky foreign purchases. It adds the Secretary of Agriculture to the federal group that checks certain foreign investments when deals involve farm land, agricultural biotech, or parts of the farm industry like transport, storage, or processing. That group, which reviews foreign investments for national security risks, would also have to decide if flagged farm land purchases should get a national security review or other action when the Agriculture Department alerts them .

A “reportable” farm land deal means a purchase of U.S. agricultural land by a buyer from China, North Korea, Russia, or Iran that must be reported to the Agriculture Department. If a country is later removed from the federal “foreign adversaries” list, the special review requirement for that country ends.

• Who is affected: U.S. farmers, rural communities, agribusinesses, and foreign buyers from China, North Korea, Russia, and Iran.
• What changes: The Agriculture Secretary gets a seat at the table for farm-related deals, and the investment review group must quickly decide whether to review flagged foreign purchases of U.S. farmland for national security risks .
• What counts as reportable: Foreign purchases of U.S. farmland by buyers from the listed countries that already have to be reported to USDA under existing law.
• When it ends for a country: If that country is removed from the federal “foreign adversaries” list in regulations, the special review requirement stops for that country.