Sponsors (22)
Introduced September 18, 2025 by James Risch · Last progress September 18, 2025
The bill strengthens U.S. sanctions enforcement, maritime safety, and support for Ukraine—improving leverage against Russia and protecting crews/environment—while imposing compliance costs, creating diplomatic and market risks, and reducing some congressional oversight windows.
U.S. taxpayers and policymakers gain stronger tools to block and sanction foreign vessels and actors that transport Russian-origin petroleum, reducing revenue to the Russian government and strengthening U.S. pressure on Russia.
U.S. diplomatic and sanctions offices receive dedicated funding and staffing (FY2026–FY2027 and emergency funds), improving sanctions implementation, monitoring, and rapid response capacity.
Foreign ship crews, passengers, and maritime responders can receive food, medical supplies, safety services, and decommissioning services without triggering sanctions, preserving crew safety and reducing environmental and public-health risks.
Insurers, shipowners, ports, and related businesses face higher compliance costs and potential insurance-market disruption from stricter insurance and reporting rules, raising costs for businesses and consumers.
Foreign ports and trade partners targeted by sanctions risk reciprocal measures or reduced trade, which could raise global fuel prices and disrupt supply chains affecting U.S. consumers and businesses.
Waiver and certification authorities (and expanded exceptions) could allow sanctioned foreign persons to avoid penalties, weakening deterrence against malign Russian activity and undermining sanctions effectiveness.
Based on analysis of 3 sections of legislative text.
Targets foreign vessels, insurers, and actors that move or hide Russian-origin petroleum, sets insurance and documentation standards, creates waiver/reporting rules, and funds sanctions infrastructure.
Creates a sanctions framework and enforcement tools aimed at foreign vessels, insurers, and other actors that help transport or hide Russian-origin crude oil and petroleum products (the so-called “Russian shadow fleet”). It sets strict definitions for what counts as adequate maritime insurance, expands covered petroleum products, defines who is a covered foreign person or vessel, and authorizes civil/criminal penalties and a 10-year sunset for these authorities. Provides narrow safety and environmental exceptions, creates waiver and certification rules for the President, requires recurring reporting, and allows use of IEEPA to implement sanctions. Requires the President to monitor and report on Russian military escalation in certain seas and strengthens U.S. sanctions infrastructure by authorizing staffing, modernization, and funding (including multi-year small grants and a $200 million emergency appropriation for the Department of State).