Fair Access to Banking Act

This bill says banks, credit unions, and payment card networks cannot refuse to serve someone who follows the law just because of politics or worries about reputation. They must use clear, risk-based rules set in advance, and treat people and businesses fairly. If they deny service, they have to explain why in writing. They cannot deny service simply because an industry is unpopular if it is lawful. People hurt by a violation can sue and, if they win, get their legal costs and triple damages .

Large banks and credit unions that refuse to do business with lawful customers can lose access to key systems, like certain Federal Reserve lending programs and the Automated Clearing House (ACH) network. Payment card networks also may not block access based on political or reputational concerns; if they do, they can face civil penalties. The bill aims to stop category-wide “de-banking” and require case-by-case decisions based on measurable risk, not bias or pressure from outside groups .

• Who is affected: Banks, credit unions, and payment card networks; customers who follow the law and seek financial services .
• What changes: Must use impartial, quantitative standards; provide written reasons for denials; no denials based only on reputation; violations can lead to lawsuits, triple damages, fines, and limits on access to Federal Reserve and ACH programs .
• When: The provided text does not specify timing or an effective date .