For purposes of this chapter, the term—
((1)) “excess defense article” has the meaning provided by ;
((2)) “value” means, in the case of an excess defense article, except as otherwise provided in , not less than the greater of—
((A)) the gross cost incurred by the United States Government in repairing, rehabilitating, or modifying such article, plus the scrap value; or
((B)) the market value, if ascertainable;
((3)) “defense article”, except as provided in paragraph (7) of this section, means, with respect to a sale or transfer by the United States under the authority of this chapter or any other foreign assistance or sales program of the United States—
((A)) any weapon, weapons system, munition, aircraft, vessel, boat, or other implement of war,
((B)) any property, installation, commodity, material, equipment, supply, or goods used for the purposes of making military sales,
((C)) any machinery, facility, tool, material, supply, or other item necessary for the manufacture, production, processing, repair, servicing, storage, construction, transportation, operation, or use of any article listed in this paragraph, and
((D)) any component or part of any article listed in this paragraph,
((4)) “defense service”, except as provided in paragraph (7) of this section, means, with respect to a sale or transfer by the United States under the authority of this chapter or any other foreign assistance or sales program of the United States, any service, test, inspection, repair, training, publication, technical or other assistance, or defense information (as defined in ), used for the purposes of making military sales, but does not include design and construction services under ;
((5)) “training” includes formal or informal instruction of foreign students in the United States or overseas by officers or employees of the United States, contract technicians, or contractors (including instruction at civilian institutions), or by correspondence courses, technical, educational, or information publications and media of all kinds, training aid, orientation, training exercise, and military advice to foreign military units and forces;
((6)) “major defense equipment” means any item of significant military equipment on the United States Munitions List having a nonrecurring research and development cost of more than $50,000,000 or a total production cost of more than $200,000,000;
((7)) “defense articles and defense services” means, with respect to commercial exports subject to the provisions of , those items designated by the President pursuant to subsection (a)(1) of such section;
((8)) “design and construction services” means, with respect to sales under , the design and construction of real property facilities, including necessary construction equipment and materials, engineering services, construction contract management services relating thereto, and technical advisory assistance in the operation and maintenance of real property facilities provided or performed by any department or agency of the Department of Defense or by a contractor pursuant to a contract with such department or agency;
((9)) “significant military equipment” means articles—
((A)) for which special export controls are warranted because of the capacity of such articles for substantial military utility or capability; and
((B)) identified on the United States Munitions List;
((10)) “weapons of mass destruction” has the meaning provided by ; and
((11)) “Sales territory” means a country or group of countries to which a defense article or defense service is authorized to be reexported.