Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025

This measure changes how school sports separate teams. Schools and colleges that get federal money must base a student’s sex, for athletics, only on their reproductive biology and genetics at birth. Letting someone whose sex is male play on a team for girls or women would violate the federal law that bans sex discrimination in education. That law is often called Title IX and applies to public K–12 schools and colleges that receive federal funds .

The bill allows males to practice or train with girls’ or women’s teams only if no female loses a roster spot, chance to practice or compete, scholarship, college admission, or any other related benefit. It also orders a federal study to spell out what “any other benefit” means and to document harms to girls if males are allowed to join girls’ or women’s sports, such as fewer spots or lost opportunities. The study’s results must be reported to Congress.

• Who is affected: Public and private schools and colleges that receive federal funds; student athletes; school athletic programs.
• What changes: Sex for athletics is defined by biology and genetics at birth; males cannot compete on girls’ or women’s teams; limited practice/training exceptions; a required federal study on impacts and benefits .
• When: The text does not state a specific start date.