Summary

Changes how Supreme Court justices are chosen and how long they serve by replacing lifetime tenure with single 18-year terms and a fixed nomination schedule: the President must nominate one justice in the first and third years after a presidential election, and the Senate must act within set deadlines. It also creates a transparent, randomized process for the Chief Justice to select retired justices to serve temporarily when the Court lacks its full number of active justices.

• Replaces lifetime active tenure with single 18-year active terms for Supreme Court justices.
• Requires one presidential nomination in the first and third years after each Presidential election (two nominations every four years).
• Limits each individual to one 18-year active term; active service begins at swearing-in and converts to retirement status afterward.
• Current justices are transitioned to retired status in order of longest service as new justices are commissioned under the law.
• Sets deadlines for Senate action: 90 days for initial nominations and 120 days for subsequent nominations after a withdrawal or disapproval.
• Permits retired Supreme Court justices to be chosen by the Chief Justice, via a public randomized process, to serve temporarily when active justices are absent or the Court has vacancies.
• Adds the new chapter to Title 28 and updates statutory cross-references to accommodate the changes.
• Prohibits appointment methods other than the defined presidential nominations on the set schedule.