Sponsors (51)
Introduced April 9, 2025 by Lucy Mcbath · Last progress April 9, 2025
The bill trades broader public‑safety measures — banning certain semi‑automatic designs and large magazines, funding buybacks, and strengthening penalties and oversight — for significant costs to lawful owners, manufacturers, and dealers (lost value, compliance costs, and reduced consumer choice), plus increased criminal enforcement impacts and administrative burdens on government.
General public (especially urban communities and middle‑class families): Civilians will have reduced access to specified gas‑operated semi‑automatic firearms and >10‑round magazines through prohibitions, fewer models being marketed, and local buyback opportunities, which is likely to lower the risk and lethality of mass shootings and some firearm incidents.
General public and law enforcement: New and stiffer federal penalties for illegal possession of covered firearms give prosecutors stronger tools and can deter felons from possessing these weapons, potentially improving public safety and reducing repeat violent offending.
Law enforcement and investigators: New post‑enactment marking/serial requirements and required preapproval/safety reviews for newly designed semi‑automatic firearms improve traceability and regulatory oversight, aiding investigations and evidence of compliance.
Current lawful private owners (middle‑class families and other civilians): Owners of pre‑enactment covered firearms and >10‑round magazines face new transfer restrictions, administrative hurdles for intrafamily transfers, possible surrender or immobilization requirements, reduced secondary‑market options, and likely loss of resale value.
People convicted of possession (and communities with heavy enforcement): Enhanced criminal penalties and longer sentences risk increasing incarceration rates and costs for taxpayers and are likely to disproportionately affect racial and ethnic minorities and young adults.
Prospective buyers, licensed dealers, and manufacturers (including small businesses): New preapproval requirements, fees, compliance obligations, and potential 240+ day review delays raise costs, slow market entry, and reduce product availability for civilian purchasers.
Based on analysis of 5 sections of legislative text.
Nationwide ban on listed gas‑operated semi‑automatic firearms and magazines over 10 rounds, creates ATF listing/preapproval, fees, penalties, and allows grant‑funded buybacks.
Prohibits the import, manufacture, sale, transfer, receipt, and (with limited grandfathering) possession of gas‑operated semi‑automatic firearms and high‑capacity ammunition feeding devices (magazines holding more than 10 rounds). Builds an ATF process to list covered gas‑operated models, requires preapproval for new semi‑automatic civilian designs, establishes marking and fee requirements, authorizes grant-funded buybacks, and creates criminal penalties for violations. Also creates a fee-funded Firearm Safety Trust Fund to support ATF review and related activities, sets schedules for agency review and appeals, and allows judicial and private challenges to ATF listing decisions.