Sponsors (85)
Official title: Impose sanctions and other measures with respect to the Russian Federation if the Government of the Russian Federation refuses to negotiate a peace agreement with Ukraine, violates any such agreement, or initiates another military invasion of Ukraine, and for other purposes.
Introduced April 1, 2025 by Lindsey O. Graham · Last progress April 1, 2025
The bill sharply strengthens and regularizes U.S. sanctions tools to cut Russian government and energy financing and pressure Russia politically and economically, but it does so with rapid timelines, broad authorities, and extreme trade penalties that risk higher costs for U.S. consumers and businesses, heavy compliance burdens on financial firms, reduced executive flexibility, and potential blowback or overreach.
Taxpayers and the U.S. public: the bill sharply reduces U.S. financial support to Russia by banning purchases of Russian sovereign debt, restricting investments in Russian government-controlled entities and energy, freezing Russian-linked assets, and cutting targeted banks off from U.S. financial services.
U.S. policymakers and enforcement agencies: the Act creates a clear, recurring enforcement timeline (initial 15-day actions and recurring 90-day cycles) and statutory triggers that make sanctions implementation faster and more predictable.
U.S. financial system and investors: the bill provides stronger tools to block, freeze, and delist or halt trading in securities and accounts tied to Russian government entities, reducing direct exposure of U.S. banks, exchanges, and investors to sanctioned actors.
U.S. consumers and businesses: extremely large (e.g., 500%) tariffs, export restrictions, and potential bans on Russian-linked energy and commodities risk raising prices and disrupting supply chains, increasing costs for households and firms.
U.S. banks, funds, brokers, and exchanges: the bill imposes substantial, recurring compliance, operational, and legal burdens (quick divestments, freezes, delistings, and screening) that could trigger forced sales, illiquidity, and higher costs across financial markets.
Businesses and diplomats: short implementation deadlines (15 days) combined with automatic 90-day reimposition cycles reduce executive flexibility, strain corporate compliance operations, and can produce market and diplomatic instability.
Based on analysis of 38 sections of legislative text.
Imposes immediate, recurring sanctions, bans on investments and purchases of Russian sovereign debt, 500% equivalent tariffs on Russian imports, energy export/import bans, and targeted blocking measures against Russian government-linked entities.
Imposes sweeping, mandatory sanctions, trade bans, and punitive tariffs targeting the Russian government, its military, state-owned enterprises (including Rosatom), affiliates, and persons who enable or benefit from Russian energy and defense sectors. The bill requires the President and agency heads to act quickly (typically within 15 days of a required presidential “covered determination,” and in many cases to renew measures every 90 days) to block transactions, prohibit U.S. investments and purchases of Russian sovereign debt, ban specific imports (including uranium and U.S.-produced energy products), cut off financial communications, restrict fund transfers, and direct financial regulators to limit trading and correspondent banking for designated Russian-related entities. The measure creates narrow humanitarian and intelligence exceptions, authorizes use of IEEPA authorities and existing penalties, and conditions any termination of the sanctions on verified Russian withdrawal from hostile acts and a bona fide peace agreement with Ukraine. It also establishes a recurring certification timeline and immediate re-imposition rules if violations recur.