Sponsors (85)
Introduced April 1, 2025 by Lindsey O. Graham · Last progress April 1, 2025
The bill sharply increases U.S. economic pressure on Russia by cutting investment, trade, and financial links and automates sustained sanctions enforcement — trading stronger national‑security leverage and predictability for significant costs to U.S. consumers, businesses, financial institutions, potential market disruption, diplomatic friction, and legal/rights concerns.
U.S. financial markets and investors: the bill bars many U.S. investments in Russian government-owned, military, energy, and sovereign issuers and delists Russian-government-linked securities, sharply reducing capital flows to Russia.
U.S. policy and enforcement: establishes recurring reviews, automatic snap‑backs, and scheduled sanctions updates so U.S. sanctions stay sustained, predictable, and harder for targets to evade.
U.S. critical‑sector security (energy and nuclear): restricts U.S. shipments, investment, and uranium sourcing tied to Russia and sanctions key Russian nuclear actors, reducing strategic dependence on a geopolitical adversary.
American consumers and businesses: the bill is likely to raise prices (especially energy, fuel, and downstream goods) through export bans, import duties (including an extreme duty option), and disrupted supply chains.
Financial institutions and service providers: frequent mandatory updates, short compliance windows (e.g., 15 days), delistings, blocking requirements and expanded definitions will impose broad, recurring compliance and operational costs across banks, brokers, exchanges, and funds.
Investors and markets: sudden bans, forced divestments, and rapid delistings risk crystallizing losses, reducing liquidity for affected securities, and causing market instability for holders of Russian‑linked assets.
Based on analysis of 38 sections of legislative text.
Imposes mandatory, wide-ranging U.S. economic penalties and trade restrictions that kick in when the President makes a specified "covered determination." It bars U.S. persons and financial institutions from investing in or buying Russian sovereign debt, requires export controls on U.S.-produced energy to Russia, raises import duties on Russian goods to extremely high levels, and orders repeated sanctions and asset‑blocking on Russian officials, banks, energy firms, and affiliated entities. Many measures must be implemented within 15 days of the covered determination and are refreshed every 90 days until U.S. officials certify conditions for termination (including a verifiable peace agreement with Ukraine and cessation of prohibited acts).