Sponsors (113)
Official title: To authorize the issuance of extreme risk protection orders.
Introduced February 17, 2026 by Lucy Mcbath · Last progress February 17, 2026
The bill creates a unified federal framework to broaden and standardize extreme-risk protection orders, funding, training, and cross-jurisdiction enforcement to reduce gun violence and suicide — at the cost of added administrative expense, privacy and due-process risks, and potential uneven or politicized implementation.
People judged by a court to pose a significant risk will have firearms temporarily removed or be barred from buying/possessing firearms, reducing immediate risks of suicide and interpersonal gun violence.
ERPOs and related orders will be recognized and enforced across States and Tribes and integrated into national systems, improving cross-jurisdictional identification and enforcement of active orders for law enforcement and courts.
Federal grants, training for judges, court staff, law enforcement, and public-awareness/subgrant programs will build capacity to identify high-risk people, improve referrals to social services, and increase appropriate ERPO use.
People may have firearms temporarily removed or be prohibited from purchasing firearms based on ex parte or cross-jurisdictional orders before a full adjudication, risking erroneous or prolonged deprivation of rights.
Even with required bias training and safeguards, ERPOs and enforcement could be applied unevenly, producing disparate impacts on racial/ethnic minorities and other vulnerable groups; demographic reporting raises privacy concerns without guaranteeing prevention of unequal enforcement.
Implementing, maintaining, and securing expanded national databases, NICS changes, grant compliance, and cross-jurisdiction enforcement will create significant administrative and fiscal burdens for federal, state, tribal, and local agencies and for taxpayers.
Based on analysis of 9 sections of legislative text.
Creates a federal ERPO system, adds ERPOs to federal firearm prohibitions, funds state/Tribal/local ERPO implementation grants, and authorizes ERPO record-sharing in national databases.
Creates a federal framework for Extreme Risk Protection Orders (ERPOs) allowing courts to temporarily prohibit people who pose a significant risk of hurting themselves or others from buying, possessing, or accessing firearms and ammunition. It authorizes federal ERPOs, adds court-order-based firearms prohibitions to federal law, requires removal and return procedures, and establishes penalties and interstate enforcement rules. Provides a new grant program administered by the Department of Justice COPS office to help States, Tribes, localities, and eligible entities implement qualifying ERPO laws, funds training and court/law enforcement capacity, and authorizes collection of ERPO records into national databases; the act takes effect 180 days after enactment.