Sponsors (107)
Introduced February 17, 2026 by Lucy Mcbath · Last progress February 17, 2026
This bill strengthens tools, funding, and national coordination to remove firearms from people courts judge to be high-risk—potentially preventing suicides and violence—while increasing data-sharing, enforcement duties, costs, and risks of erroneous or uneven deprivation of rights that could disproportionately affect vulnerable groups.
People judged by courts (respondents and people at immediate risk) will have firearms temporarily removed or be barred from purchasing/possessing firearms, reducing near-term chances of suicide or violent acts.
Law enforcement, courts, and sellers will be able to recognize and enforce qualifying court orders across States and Tribes and consult national databases, improving cross-jurisdictional prevention and enforcement of firearm prohibitions.
State, Tribal, and local law enforcement and courts will receive federal grants, training, and technical assistance to build capacity (identify high-risk people, use ERPOs, refer to services, and run public-awareness programs).
Respondents may have firearms removed or be prohibited from buying firearms temporarily based on ex parte orders or before full hearings, risking erroneous or prolonged deprivation of firearm rights for innocent people.
Adding ERPO data to national databases and wider reporting increases the amount of sensitive personal information shared, raising risks of improper access, misuse, false positives, and harm to individuals' civil rights until records are corrected or destroyed.
Courts, U.S. Marshals, NICS, state/local agencies, and Tribes will face new administrative and enforcement costs and burdens to implement, maintain, and secure ERPO processes and databases, increasing taxpayer and government expenses.
Based on analysis of 9 sections of legislative text.
Creates a federal ERPO system allowing courts to bar firearm access for people judged a significant risk, adds ERPOs to gun-disqualification rules/databases, requires interstate enforcement, and funds implementation.
Creates a federal framework for Extreme Risk Protection Orders (ERPOs) that lets courts temporarily bar people judged to pose a significant risk of personal injury to themselves or others from buying, possessing, or accessing firearms or ammunition. It adds ERPOs to federal gun-disqualification rules and national criminal databases, requires states and tribes to give full faith and credit to qualifying ERPOs from other jurisdictions, and establishes a Justice Department grant program to help states, tribes, and localities implement ERPO laws and related training and capacity-building. The law sets procedures for petitions, emergency ex parte orders, notice and hearing rules, law enforcement duties for firearm surrender and return, penalties for violations, recordkeeping, and an effective date 180 days after enactment.